BIO-205 MICROBIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. **Why are fungi important?**
a) They spoil food.
b) They help plants grow.
c) They make food and drinks.
d) All of the above.
**Answer:** d) All of the above.
2. **What is found in all fungal cell walls?**
a) Cellulose
b) Chitin
c) Lignin
d) Keratin
**Answer:** b) Chitin.
3. **What is the process called when genes are transferred into bacteria via viruses?**
a) Transformation
b) Transduction
c) Conjugation
d) Mutation
**Answer:** b) Transduction.
4. **What causes variation in microorganisms that were once identical?**
a) Conjugation
b) Mutation
c) Transduction
d) Transformation
**Answer:** b) Mutation.
5. **How do intercalating agents affect DNA?**
a) They cause frame shift mutations.
b) They cause point mutations.
c) They inhibit DNA replication.
d) They repair DNA.
**Answer:** a) They cause frame shift mutations.
6. **What type of gene transfer requires direct contact between cells?**
,ESTUDY
a) Transformation
b) Transduction
c) Conjugation
d) Mutation
**Answer:** c) Conjugation.
7. **What are segments of DNA that can move from one place to another called?**
a) Plasmids
b) Transposons
c) Operons
d) Codons
**Answer:** b) Transposons.
8. **What technique is used to identify auxotrophic mutants?**
a) Southern blotting
b) Replica plating
c) PCR
d) Gel electrophoresis
**Answer:** b) Replica plating.
9. **How are thymine dimers repaired?**
a) Transduction
b) Photoreactivation repair and excision repair
c) Conjugation
d) Transformation
**Answer:** b) Photoreactivation repair and excision repair.
10. **What can UV light cause in cells?**
a) Point mutations
b) Thymine dimers
c) Frame shift mutations
d) DNA repair
**Answer:** b) Thymine dimers.
11. **Which group of fungi has not been observed to reproduce sexually?**
a) Ascomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Zygomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
**Answer:** d) Deuteromycetes.
12. **What is a tangle of fungal hyphae called?**
, ESTUDY
a) Mycelium
b) Sporangium
c) Rhizoid
d) Conidium
**Answer:** a) Mycelium.
13. **Which techniques help identify and classify bacteria?**
a) Microscopic examination
b) Culture characteristics
c) Biochemical tests
d) All of the above
**Answer:** d) All of the above.
14. **Lichens are an association of which organisms?**
a) Bacteria and fungus
b) Algae and fungus
c) Virus and fungus
d) Protozoa and fungus
**Answer:** b) Algae and fungus.
15. **The terms yeast, mold, and mushrooms refer to what aspect of fungi?**
a) Reproduction
b) Morphology
c) Nutrition
d) Metabolism
**Answer:** b) Morphology.
16. **What is indicated by gram-positive encapsulated diplococci found in sputum?**
a) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
c) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
d) Escherichia coli
**Answer:** b) Streptococcus pneumoniae.
17. **Fungi are often capable of moving using flagella.**
a) True
b) False
**Answer:** b) False.
18. **What are mycorrhizae?**
a) Fungi that cause disease
b) Symbiotic relationships that help plants absorb nutrients
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