NR605 / NR 605 FINAL EXAM (LATEST
UPDATE ): DIAGNOSIS &
MANAGEMENT IN PSYCHIATRIC-MENTAL
HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFESPAN I
PRACTICUM | WEEKS 5 - 8 COVERED |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
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, Role of the Psychotherapist in CBT -using a structured, collaborative approach to help clients
recognize and reevaluate cognitive distortions
-help clients:
• better understand the behaviors of others
• develop improved coping skills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• to help clients reinforce & build on what was learned during the therapy session
motivational interviewing (MI) -helps individuals prepare for change
-person-centered, evidence-based approach to behavior change
-using a collaborative, goal-oriented communication style
-empowers clients to draw on their meanings & capacities to facilitate change
• addressing issues with ambivalence and resistance
-grew out of William R. Miller's clinical practice working with clients with substance use disorders in the
1980s
• collaborated with Stephen Rollnick to write book: Motivational interviewing
Indications for MI -reduction of substance use and health promotion
-improving medication adherence in clients with schizophrenia
MI Guiding Principles -acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect of client autonomy
-acknowledgment of the client's strengths & efforts
-Spirit of MI
• Partnership, compassion, acceptance, evocation
MI Role of the Psychotherapist represented by the mnemonic RULE:
Resist the righting reflex
Understand the patient's motivation
, Listen to the patient
Empower the patient
OARS Communication skills for MI:
-Open questions
• cannot be answered with a yes or no, require elaboration
-Affirming
• provide encouragement, are (+) comments on a client's strengths or efforts
-Reflecting
• mirror the content or feelings explicitly or implicitly stated by the client
• convey empathy, demonstrate listening, highlight emotions & beliefs, • provide opportunities for the
client to elaborate on their concerns
• empower clients to take control of the conversation
• recommended to use at least two reflections for every question
cognitive-behavioral therapy -focus on how well individuals can adapt cognitively and functionally to
their environments
-short-term, structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy
-stresses necessity of challenging maladaptive thoughts that lead to behavioral problems
-first emerged in 1955
-most widely practiced psychotherapy
-help clients recognize and address cognitive distortions
• by Albert Ellis, widely known as the grandfather of cognitive behavior therapy
-Beck
• originally trained in psychoanalysis, pioneered cognitive therapy in the 1960s, through his research on
depression
• also developed the popular Depression Inventory instrument
CBT Relationship to Nursing Theory -Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory