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Exam 3 - NUR529 Questions and Correct Answers
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<<<<< Elscores <<<<<>>>>> 19/08/2024 20:17>>>>>Exam 3 - NUR529 Questions and Correct
Answers
What is the gut microflora?
✓ ~: A diverse bacterial community in the gut.
What are the major functions of the gut microflora?
✓ ~: Metabolic activities, trophic effects, and protection against pathogens.
Why do the stomach and small intestine contain only a few species of bacteria?
✓ ~: Due to acidic and propulsive luminal contents.
What factors influence the colonization of the GI tract?
✓ ~: Passage through birth canal, diet, neonatal care, stress, pH, and immunologic status.
What is the major metabolic function of colonic microflora?
✓ ~: Fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous mucus.
What is the role of colonic microorganisms in vitamin synthesis?
✓ ~: They synthesize vitamin K.
What is the source of energy in the colon?
✓ ~: Fermentation of nondigestible carbohydrates.
What nutrients are absorbed by colonic microorganisms?
, <<<<< Elscores <<<<<>>>>> 19/08/2024 20:17>>>>>
✓ ~: Calcium, magnesium, and iron.
What is resident gut flora?
✓ ~: Endogenous microbes in gut
What is colonization resistance?
✓ ~: Protection against exogenous microbes
What does gut flora restrict?
✓ ~: Opportunistic bacteria growth
What is the primary treatment for celiac disease?
✓ ~: Removal of gluten from the diet.
What is gluten?
✓ ~: The primary protein in wheat, barley, and rye.
Can oat products be consumed by individuals with celiac disease?
✓ ~: Yes, as long as they are not contaminated with wheat during processing.
What types of food are free of gluten?
✓ ~: Meats, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products.
What is the result of complete exclusion of dietary gluten?
, <<<<< Elscores <<<<<>>>>> 19/08/2024 20:17>>>>>
✓ ~: Rapid and complete healing of the intestinal mucosa.
What is acute gastritis?
✓ ~: Acute mucosal inflammation in the stomach.
What are the symptoms of acute gastritis?
✓ ~: Emesis, pain, hemorrhage, and ulceration.
What causes acute gastritis?
✓ ~: Local irritants such as aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol, or bacterial toxins.
What can complicate acute hemorrhagic gastritis?
✓ ~: Oral administration of corticosteroids.
What is bilirubin?
✓ ~: Final product of heme breakdown in RBCs
What gives bile its color?
✓ ~: Bilirubin
What is free bilirubin?
✓ ~: Insoluble bilirubin attached to plasma albumin
What is conjugated bilirubin?
, <<<<< Elscores <<<<<>>>>> 19/08/2024 20:17>>>>>
✓ ~: Soluble bilirubin in bile
Where is free bilirubin converted to conjugated bilirubin?
✓ ~: Inside hepatocytes
What happens to conjugated bilirubin?
✓ ~: Secreted as a constituent of bile
What happens to bilirubin in the small intestine?
✓ ~: Half is converted to urobilinogen by intestinal flora
What happens to urobilinogen produced in the intestine?
✓ ~: Half is absorbed into portal circulation, remaining excreted in feces
What happens to absorbed urobilinogen?
✓ ~: Returned to liver to be reexcreted into bile
What is the role of hepatocytes in bilirubin metabolism?
✓ ~: Convert free bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin
What is the fate of bilirubin after it is secreted as a constituent of bile?
✓ ~: Passes through bile ducts into small intestine
What is the function of bile?
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