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Nur 195 Test 2 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Nur 195 Test 2 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Nur 195 Test 2 | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded |100% Verified
Hematologic and Immune Function - found under the CBC panel
How many liters of blood are in the body? - 5-6 liters
RBCs live in the body - for 120 days
Erythrocytes - small RBCs
Leukocytes - white blood cells
Thrombocytes - platelets
Hematopoiesis - production of blood cells in the bone marrow
Hemostasis - stops or control bleeding, clotting mechanism
stem cells - unspecialized cells
renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
Myeloid - bone marrow
lymphoid - lymph tissue (node)
antibodies and antigens - 2 important components of the immune system
,What do you assess for in patients with a low hemoglobin and hematocrit??? - Fatigue
Dyspnea
Activity intolerance
Difficulty concentrating
Pallor
Jaundice- sickle cell anemia
Tachycardia
tinnitus
What do you assess for in patients with a low white blood cell count? - Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
<500/mm3 Severe neutropenia
Total WBC (%segs +%bands) =ANC
Signs of infection
Neutrophils - Most abundant WBC
are the 1st to arrive for defense
Immunocompromised patients who normally get neutropenia - patients on certain medicines
HIV/AIDS
cancer
What do you assess for in patients who are at risk for bleeding? - *Platelet count
*Petechiae- tiny red spots
*Ecchymosis-bleeding (looks like a bruise under the skin) pt normally doesn't know where bruise came
from
*Bleeding gums
,*Hypotension-indicate internal bleeding
*Neuro changes
Thrombocytopenia - Platelet count < 100,000/mm3
(potential for bleeding)
What do you assess for while caring for patients with autoimmune disorders? - *Non specific
*Impaired wound healing
*Recurrent infections
*Overreaction of autoimmune system-when the body attacks itself
*Medical history
*Family history
*Nutrition status
*Medications- immunosuppressants (steroids)
Gerontologic Considerations related to hematologic and immune function - Higher risk for anemia
because bone marrow is depressed, happens with less exercise
Risk for leukopenia
Increase risk for infection
Decrease response to antigens (the fight starters)
CBC (complete blood count) diagnostic tests - WBC with differential
Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
Platelets
Red blood cells (RBC)
, Peripheral blood smear diagnostic test - Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Diagnostic tests related to hematologic and immune function - Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy
Skin testing
Hgb (male) - 14-18 g/dL
Hgb (female) - 12-16 g/dL
Platelet count should be - 150,000-400,000/mm3
WBC count should be - 5,000-10,000/mm3
RBC count should be - 4-5.5 million
Iron deficiency anemia - results when there is not enough iron to build Hgb for RBCs
Due to Diet
Blood loss
Chronic ETOH ( alcohol abuse)
low (MCV) mean corpuscular volume
vitamin B12 deficiency - pernicious anemia
Increased intake or decreased absorption from GI tract
s/sx of anemia
neurologic symptoms (paresthesias of extremities)
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