The nurse is assessing a patient with abdominal pain. What characteristics of the pain does the nurse
relate to a duodenal ulcer? Select all that apply.
The pain radiates to the back.
The pain is dull, aching, and gnawing.
The pain is relieved after food intake.
The pain awakens the person from sleep.
The pain is sudden and refers to a shoulder. - The patient with a duodenal ulcer experiences a pain that
is dull, aching, and gnawing. This pain is relieved after the intake of food, and may awaken a patient
from sleep. The pain due to duodenal ulcer does not radiate. Gastric ulcer pain is dull, aching, gnawing,
and radiates to the back. The pain from a perforated gastric ulcer has a sudden onset and refers to one
or both the shoulders.
The nurse is assessing a patient who reports sudden onset of pain in the lower abdomen. What is the
most probable cause of the pain?
1. Appendicitis
2. Cholecystitis
3. Kidney stones
4. Gastroenteritis - 3. Kidney stones cause a sudden onset of severe pain in the lower abdomen.
Appendicitis typically starts as a dull, diffuse pain in the periumbilical region. The pain then shifts to
severe, sharp, and persistent pain with tenderness that is localized in the right lower quadrant.
Cholecystitis is biliary colic, sudden pain in the right upper quadrant that may radiate to the right or left
scapula. The patient with gastroenteritis has diffuse and generalized pain accompanied by nausea and
diarrhea.
During the assessment of a teenager, what findings does the nurse relate to anorexia nervosa? Select all
that apply.
1. The teenager is eager to lose weight.
2. The teenager tries to induce vomiting.
3. The teenager describes feeling very tired.
, 4 . The teenager has reduced physical activity.
5. The teenager appears to be extremely thin. - 1,2,5
Anorexia nervosa is a psychosocial disorder in which the teenager has a negative body image. The
teenager has a wrong notion of being overweight and tries different methods to lose weight. Purging, or
self-induced vomiting, is one of the techniques used to augment the weight loss. The teenager is
extremely thin following weight loss, but denies being underweight. The teenager may be tired or
hungry, but denies these feelings. The teenager may be hyperactive and continues to participate in
regular physical activity and exercise.
The nurse is assessing a patient who complains of abdominal pain within an hour of eating. Which
further assessment findings would confirm gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? Select all that
apply.
1. Increased pain while bending over
2. Aggravation of pain when lying down
3. Presence of generalized pain with diarrhea
4. Sudden onset of pain in the lower abdomen
5. Sensation of burning pain in the midepigastrium - 1,2,5
Pain due to GERD occurs 30 to 60 minutes after eating. It does not resolve with bending over or lying
down; instead, it is further aggravated. The patient may also have burning pain that radiates upward in
the midepigastrium or behind the lower sternum, this is called "heartburn." Gastroenteritis can cause
generalized abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea. GERD does not cause diarrhea. Kidney stones can
cause a sudden onset of severe, colicky flank or lower abdominal pain. GERD does not prompt sudden
onset of lower abdominal pain.
Hyperactive bowel sounds are:
a. high pitched
b. rushing
c. inkling
d. all of the above - d
Which of hte following may be noted through inspection of the abdomen?
A. fluid waves and abdominal contour
B. umbilical eversion and Murphy sign
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