,1. Multiple Choice: What is the principle behind the conservation
of mechanical energy in a closed system?
a) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
b) Energy is always conserved in the presence of non-conservative
forces.
c) Energy can be created in an isolated system.
d) Energy is not conserved in any system.
Correct Answer: a) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only
transformed.
Rationale: The principle of conservation of mechanical energy
states that in an isolated system not subject to non-conservative
forces (like friction), the total mechanical energy remains constant.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The _______ of an object is directly
proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional
to its mass.
Correct Answer: acceleration
Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, the
acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force
acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass (F=ma).
, Correct Answer: True
Rationale: This statement is true according to the law of
conservation of angular momentum, which states that if no external
torque acts on a system, its angular momentum remains constant.
4. Multiple Response: Which of the following are scalar quantities?
(Select all that apply)
a) Velocity
b) Speed
c) Force
d) Temperature
e) Energy
Correct Answers: b) Speed, d) Temperature, e) Energy
Rationale: Scalar quantities have magnitude only and do not have
direction, which applies to speed, temperature, and energy.
Velocity and force are vector quantities, which have both
magnitude and direction.
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