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Microbiology Quiz 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified $13.48   Add to cart

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Microbiology Quiz 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified

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Microbiology Quiz 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded
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genome - complete set of genetic information



gene - functional unit; encodes gene production, usually protein



gene product - protein or RNA



genomics - study of nucleotide sequence



Cells must accomplish two tasks to multiply - DNA replication

Gene expression (transcription and translation)



DNA structure - - made of deoxyribonucleotides

- double stranded

- A-T, C-G

- longer



RNA structure - - made of ribonucleotides

- single stranded

- A-U, G-C (uracil instead of thymine)

- shorter



DNA replication steps - 1. helicase unzips DNA

2. primase adds prime (5 to 3)- makes short complimentary strand and allows RNA to attach

3. DNA polymerase adds nucleotide to the 3' end

4. leading strand- new strand will be continuous

5. lagging strand- will not be synthesized continuously

, 6. okazaki fragments attach to lagging strand

7. ligase adds nucleotides to patch holes and stitch fragments



what is the plus strand of DNA - the 3' sense



what is the minus strand of DNA - the 5' antisense



semiconservative replication - The process in which the DNA molecule uncoils and separates into two
strands. Each original strand becomes a template on which a new strand is constructed, resulting in two
DNA molecules identical to the original DNA molecule.



RNase - degrades mRNA



describe the transcription of DNA to RNA - RNA polymerase binds to DNA, elongation, termination



the promoter - the beginning of transcription



the terminator region - the end of transcription



RNA polymerase binds to - promoter sequence



mRNA has - introns that are spliced by enzymatic removal



describe the translation of RNA into protein - Initiation of translation, elongation of the polypeptide
chain, termination of translation



genetic code - 3 nucleotides (codon)



Start codon amino acid - AUG (methionine)

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