What 4-5 inch tube begins at the glottis and functions as the main airway to the lungs? - trachea
What is a concentric action? - muscle contracts and shortens
What four tiny glands are embedded in the posterior of the thyroid? - parathyroid glands
What is the pathway of blood from the lungs through the heart? - lungs > pulmonary vein > left atrium >
mitral valve > left ventricle > aortic valve > aorta > body
What is the respiratory and digestive system's common passage for air and food? - pharynx
What vitamin is not fat-soluble? - folic acid
What does water do for the human body physiologically? - provides a medium for chemical reactions,
regulates chemical distribution within cells, transports hormones and nutrients, aids in oxygen and
carbon dioxide transport, dilutes toxins and distributes heat around the body
What is a myelin sheath? - nervous tissue that is composed of neuroglial cells and serves as a connective
tissue that insulates neurons
What is the name of a cell that functions as part of the nervous system? - neuron
What do dendrites do? - part of a neuron that receives information
What does an axon fiber do? - carry information from dendrites away from the cell's body
,What is composed of multiple nerve fibers? - nerve bundle
What structures are located at the synapses and contain neurotransmitters? - synaptic vesticles
Which anatomical structure connects the right and left hemispheres to the cerebrum? - corpus callosum
What is the corpus callosum responsible for? - communication between the left & right hemispheres
and is the largest white matter structure in the brain
What is the temporal lobe responsible for? - hearing, language comprehension, long-term memory,
emotion and personality
What lobe is responsible for movement, intellectual functions and speech? - frontal lobe
What is interstitial fluid? - fluid that exist between cells and is know as lymph when it enters the
lymphatic system
What is the name of the gel-like substance that is found in the fascia, where is supports collagen and
elastic fibers? - ground substance
What is the name of the joint that allows free movement in many directions around a central point? -
ball and socket joint
What is the name of the joint where each bone has both convex and concave surfaces allowing minimal
rotation, flexion and extension? - saddle joint
Which joint has a component shaped like a ring and the other component has a round end of bone that
fits directing into the ring, allowing bones to rotate? - pivot joint
What is the name of the joint where the cylindrical end of one bone fits into the trough-shaped surface
of another allowing for flexion and extension in one plane? - hinge joint
,What are examples of stimulants to the nervous systems? - caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines and
cocaine
What are examples of depressants to the nervous system? - alcohol, narcotics, tranquilizers and
barbiturates
What are examples of hallucinogens to the nervous system? - LSD, PCP and marijuana
What does vasoconstriction mean? - when any type of blood vessel constricts (getting smaller inside)
What is the term for when a blood vessel enlarges and as a result, floods the capillary network with
arterial blood? - vasodilation
What nerve contains special sensory neurons concerned with smell? - olfactory nerve (CN I)
What nerve contains sensory neurons dedicated to vision? - optic nerve (CN II)
What nerve provides motor function for all eye muscles except those supplied by cranial nerves IV and
VI? - oculomotor nerve (CN III)
What nerve provides motor function to the superior oblique muscle of the eye? - trochlear nerve (CN IV)
What nerve is the principal sensory supply to the head and provides motor function to the muscles of
mastication? - trigeminal nerve (CN V)
What is mastication? - the act of chewing
What nerve provides motor function to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye? - abducens nerve (CN VI)
, What nerve provides motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression, lacrimal gland, submaxillary
gland and sublingual gland as well as sensory supply to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue? - facial
nerve (CN VII)
What nerve is also known as the vestibulocochlear nerve and provides sensory innervation for hearting
and equilibrium? - acoustic nerve (CN VIII)
What nerve provides motor innervation to the pharyngeal musculature and sensory function tot eh
posterior one-third of the tongue and pharynx? - glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
What nerve provides motor innervation to the heart, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract as well as provide
sensory innervation to the heart, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and external ear? - vagus nerve
(CN X)
What nerve provides motor function to the SCM and trapezius muscle? - accessory nerve (CN XI)
What nerve is a pure motor nerve that innervates the muscle of the tongue? - hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
What are the four nerve plexus? - cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral
Which membranes are layers of fibrous tissue that connects the skin to the muscles and other
underlying structures? - fascial membrane
Which membranes are located inside the joints and produces fluid that lubricates the joints? - synovial
membrane
Which membranes produces fluid that lubricates the internal organs of the pelvic, abdominal and
thoracic cavities? - serous membranes
Which membranes produce a sticky substance that lubricates and protects the respiratory and digestive
cavities? - mucous membranes
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