HKIN 191 Final Exam Prep | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded |
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Body Volume - the amount of space that a body takes up, can be measured through hydrodensitometry
or displacement.
Body Density - The weight of molecules present in a certain volume.
D= Mass (kg)/Volume (m^3)
Archimedes' Principle - The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by
the object. An object heavier than the water it displaces will sink, lighter will float. Can be used to
calculate body fat %.
Underwater weighing (hydrostatic) - Measure of body composition by expelling all air from lungs and
then being weighed. Extremely accurate.
Tare weight - Also called unladen weight, is the weight of an empty container.
Body Mass Index - weight (kg) / height^2 (m^2) categories on p. 803
Waist Girth - The measurement of waist at navel while standing relaxed.
Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) - waist girth / hip girth
Energy Balance - The relationship between intake of food and output of work. Positive when body stores
extra food as energy and Negative when body draws on stored fats to provide energy.
Weight change = total energy intake - total energy expenditure.
Weight gain: Energy intake - CHO, Fat, Protein
Weight Loss: Energy Output - Thermic effect of food, physical activity, resting metabolism.
Individual Needs - Specific needs for their sport, and their responses
, Specificity vs Generality - Specificity will be specific to that person's sport, training, system, and testing.
Generality is how in general, a person with a high VO2max in one area will probably have a high VO2max
in another area.
Intensity/Duration - Depends on how hard and how long someone is putting effort in to a specific test.
Calorie - Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C
Redox - The chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized.
Oxidation - Reactions that transfer oxygen, hydrogen, or electrons. A loss of electrons. LEO
Reduction - Any process in which atoms in an element gain electrons. GER
Reducing Agent - Substance that donates or loses electrons as it oxidizes
Oxidizing Agent - substance being reduced or gaining electrons
doubly labeled water - a measurement technique for determining energy expenditure over a long time
period using radioactively labeled hydrogen and oxygen. serves as "gold standard" that can be
converted into RQ. **Urine samples
Wingate Test - anaerobic power test to evaluate maximal rate at which glycolysis can deliver ATP. is a
cycle test of anaerobic leg power, conducted over 30 seconds.
Methods for assessing HR - Electrocardiogram (ECG): imaging test that takes 15-20 minutes and may
help diagnose cardiac diseases. Manual Palpation: Carotid pulse (neck), radial pulse (wrist), brachial
pulse (near inner elbow *BP)
Bradycardia vs. Tachycardia - Bradycardia: <60 bpm resting HR
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