Research Methods Final Exam
Questions And 100% Solved Answers.
why do a survey? - Answer 1. allows for quick, cheep collection of a lot of data 2. quickly investigates
many types of questions 3. may be the best way to ask some questions
a survey is - Answer a snapshot of a person at a given time
advantages of a survey - Answer can track changes by comparison over multiple surveys, some
questions are time specific, may need to look over many times to investigate certain questions involving
stable variables
types of questions you should avoid asking in a survey - Answer confusing wording, loaded questions,
overly complex questions
response set - Answer a tendency to respond to all questions from a particular perspective rather than
to provide answers that are directly related to the questions
types of response sets - Answer faking good, all true, all false, all highest/lowest
reasons for response sets - Answer respondents didn't adequately consider questions, didn't
adequately understand questions, wanted to seem more desirable to researcher, didn't trust researcher
how to check for response sets - Answer switch the direction of the questions, create questions so that
consistent agreement or disagreement is not likely
interviewer bias - Answer when the interviewer might unintentionally encourage respondents to
respond in certain ways or might ask questions that lead to certain answers
two kinds of sampling techniques - Answer probability sampling, non-probability sampling
,probability sampling - Answer each member has an equal chance of participating
types of probability sampling - Answer simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling
simple random sampling - Answer every person in population has an equal chance of participating
stratified random sampling - Answer population divided into groups, then persons are randomly
chosen from these groups
cluster sampling - Answer everyone is a potential participant, divided into clusters and clusters are
randomly chosen
non-probability sampling - Answer little effort is expended to ensure the sample accurately represents
the population
types of non-probability sampling - Answer haphazard sampling, purpose sampling, quota sampling
haphazard sampling - Answer no attempts to randomize sample
purposive sampling - Answer recruiting based on a screening criterion
quota sampling - Answer participants recruited as encountered, inclusion based on predetermined
percentages and is stopped once quota is met
experimental design - Answer clearly defined IV and DV, extraneous variables are controlled through
randomization, IV is manipulated, changes are measured in DV
independent groups design - Answer each participant is exposed to only one level of IV
basic design - Answer IV has two levels (experimental group and control group), need to ensure that
the only difference between groups is the IV
, basic design: posttest only - Answer two equivalent groups, expose one group to the IV, measure how
groups differ on DV
participant mortality - Answer people drop out of the experiment before it is done
basic design: pretest - posttest - Answer two equivalent groups, test both groups on DV, expose one
group to IV, test both groups on DV again
repeated measures design - Answer each participant is exposed to all levels of the IV
repeated measure design without control group - Answer participants randomly recruited, all
participants exposed to IV, all participants exposed to IV again, all participants measured on DV
repeated measures design with control group - Answer participants randomly recruited, random
assignment, experimental group exposed to IV, experimental group exposed to IV again, control group
not exposed to IV, all participants measured on DV
advantages and disadvantages of a repeated measure design - Answer more sensitive to participant
mortality, increased burden on participants, order of IVs can effect results (order effects), easier to find
significant effects
advantages and disadvantages of an independent groups design - Answer need more participants,
more likely to be affected by extraneous participant variables, less effected by participant mortality,
burden on participants decreased, no concern about condition presentation order
counterbalancing - Answer all possible orders of presentation are included in the experiment (repeated
measures design)
time interval between treatments - Answer allowing enough time for participants to return to baseline
after being exposed to a condition, but not enough to tax subjects
