MNT: Enteral Nutrition exam with 100% correct answers 2024
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Course
MNT: Enteral Nutrition
Institution
MNT: Enteral Nutrition
Nutrition Support - 2 types correct answers Enteral Nutrition - always preferred!
Parenteral Nutrition (TPN/PPN)
Enteral Nutrition - goal correct answers Goal: provide caloric sufficiency to promote recovery or repletion during the phase of inadequate oral intake
First Approach-Support b...
Enteral Nutrition - goal correct answers Goal: provide caloric sufficiency to promote
recovery or repletion during the phase of inadequate oral intake
First Approach-Support by Mouth correct answers Therapeutic diets (other than Reg)
Modified texture
- Thin liquids are harder to control than thickened liquids; person may not be safe for
oral intake, may need enteral nutrition
Preparing for a medical test
Supplements
Modular products
- protein powders, calorie additives, in small amts can add a lot
Appetite stimulants
Second Step-Enteral Nutrition 1. When? correct answers Functional GI tract
Provision of nutrients via a tube into the GI tract
Presence of a fistula (< 500cc output, able to feed 40 cm distal to no further than mid-
jejunum)
Poor qualitative/quantitative intake (inadequate oral intake for 7-14 days)
Altered mental status
Swallow Dysfunction
Hypermetabolic conditions
Fistula - abnormal connection btn 2 epithelial surfaces
Contraindications for Use (6 reasons) correct answers Non-functional GI tract
Diffuse peritonitis
- Infection in peritoneum
Obstruction or ileus that prevents intestinal contents from passing through the
intestines)
Intractable vomiting or diarrhea not responsive to medical management
Massive GI bleed/ulcerations
Not desired by patient
Decision to Use Enteral Nutrition - YES correct answers YES
Maintenance of nutrition status
Provision of nutrients to GI cells
->
Maintenance of GI integrity
, Decision to Use Enteral Nutrition - NO correct answers NO
Atrophy of GI
Cells starved
->
Breakdown of mucosal barrier
->
Risk of sepsis
(bacterial translocation)
->
Development of sepsis
->
Multi-organ failure
Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue correct answers 25% of intestinal mucosa is lymphoid
tissue
70-80% of all immunologic-secreting cells are located within the intestine
Serves as a barrier to pathogens
Ingestion of food stimulates the immune system to maintain barrier function of the gut
lining
Secretory IGA correct answers 80-90% of the immunoglobulins in the intestine
Prevents adherence of pathogenic microorganisms to all receptors of the mucosal
surface by binding to them and inhibiting bacterial colonization
Presence of food stimulates biliary tract to deliver IgA to epithelial surface of the
intestine
Benefits of Enteral Feeding 1. Preferred gut fuel? correct answers Maintain GI integrity
(prevent bacterial translocation)
Use of glutamine (preferred gut fuel during catabolism)
Supply fiber (provide short chain fatty acids that help promote intestinal and colonic
growth)
Catabolic response may be lessened with early post-op feeding
Cost
Enteral nutrition is far less expensive (<$100), v. TPN ($300-$400)
IF THE GUT WORKS, correct answers USE IT!!
Nasogastric (-duodenal, and -jejunal) Feeding Tube Placement
1. Advantages
2. Disadvantages correct answers 1. no surgery required
easy to place
common for short-term/intermittent use
2. increased aspiration risk
nasal/esophageal/pharyngeal irritation
may interfere with breathing
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