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CTRS Exam Questions with Answers Perfect Detailed Updates
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CTRS Exam Questions with Answers Perfect Detailed Updates
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CTRS Exam Questions with Answers Perfect Detailed Updates1. What does the Broaden and Build Theory consist of: suggests that positive emotions (such as
happiness, and perhaps interest and anticipation) broaden one's awareness and encourage
novel, exploratory thoughts and actions. Over time, this broadened behavioral repertoire builds
useful skills and psychological resources
2. what does psycho-analytic theory consist of: Engaging in play to reduce anxiety. ie: play
therapy-abused child uses doll to master situation.
3. what does catharsis theory consist of: Play to release repressed thoughts, feelings, and
emotions. An outlet for aggression.
4. what does diversion theory consist of: to amuse ourselves
5. what does compensation theory consist of: to play/recreate, to fulfill needs not met
6. Piaget's stages of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
7. piagets theory sensorimotor stage age and description: 0-2 yrs; coordination of senses with
motor response, sensory curiosity about the world. language used for demands and
cataloguing, object permanence developed
8. piagets theory preoperational stage age and description: 2-7 yrs; symbolic thinking, use of
proper syntax and grammar to express full concepts. imagination and intuition are strong but
complex thought still difficult. conservation developed
9. piagets theory concrete operational stage age and description: 7-11; con- cepts attached to
,concrete situations. time, space, and quantity are understood and can be applied but not as
independent concepts
10.piagets theory formal operational stage age and description: 11+; theoreti- cal, hypothetical
and counterfactual thinking. abstract logic and reasoning, strategy and planning become
possible. concepts learned in one context can be applied to another
11.erikson's theory of psychosocial development: considers how individuals come to understand
themselves and the meaning of others and their own behavior; 8 stages
12. what does stage 1 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): first year of age, trust vs mistrust, sense of security
13. what does stage 2 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): second year of age, autonomy vs shame/doubt,
sense of independence
14. what does stage 3 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): 3-5 years of age, initiative vs guilt, balance
between spontaneity and restraint
15. what does stage 4 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): 6 years to puberty, industry vs inferiority, sense of self-
confidence
16. what does stage 5 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): adolescence, identity vs role confusion, unified sense of
self
17. what does stage 6 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): young adulthood, intimacy vs isolation, form close
,personal relationships
18. what does stage 7 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): middle adulthood, generativity vs stag- nation, promote
wellbeing of others
19. what does stage 8 of erikson's theory consist of
(age, period, crisis, positive resolution): late adulthood, integrity vs despair, sense of
satisfaction with life well lived
20.flow theory: the mental state of being completely immersed in an activity
21.social learning theory: a theory of learning process and social behavior which proposes that
new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others
22.experiential learning theory: the process of making meaning from direct expe- rience.
experiential learning is learning from experiences
act-reflect-conceptualize-apply
23.Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-
actualization; all humans are striving to achieve self-actualization but first must fulfill other
essential needs
24.what does maslow's physiological hierarchy of needs consist of: breathing, food, water, sex,
sleep, homeostasis, exrection
25.what does maslow's safety hierarchy of needs consist of: security of body, of employment, of
resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property
26.what does maslow's love/belonging hierarchy of needs consist of: friend- ship, family, sexual
intimacy
, 27.what does maslow's esteem hierarchy of needs consist of: self-esteem, confidence,
achievement, respect of others, respect by others
28.what does maslow's self-actualization hierarchy of needs consist of: moral- ity, creativity,
spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
29.What do goals consist of?: A broad general statement of direction & purpose; proposed
changes in the individual or their environment; a broad statement of a desired behavior that the
participant will demonstrate. Set in a positive term; a sense of direction.
30.what do objectives consist of?: States what the participant will do. A statement that describes
an outcome. It is a course of action to meet the goal. It is clear and descriptive of observable
behavior written in terms of the participant's behavior
31.what is mood: a temporary state of mind or feeling, emotional state
32.what is affect: A person's outward expression of their inner mood. Example: smiling
33.how can disability be defined: Inability to engage in substantial gainful activity by reason of
any medically determined physical or mental impairments
34.What is confidentiality?: Right to share privileged information with HC provider. Information
not divulged by provider. Patients identity, condition, emotional state and financial state. Right
to be free from unnecessary probes into personal affairs
35.what is learned helplessness?: the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human
learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
The phenomenon in which experience with uncontrollable events creates passive behavior
toward subsequent threats to well-being
36.what is self-efficacy: Involves one's perceptions about his capabilities to attain a goal; as a
person gains master in one area, self-efficacy may spread to other areas as well; to improve
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