8/21/24, 3:02 AM
NURS 232 EXAM 1
Jeremiah
nael_
Practice questions for this set
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-birth to 24 months
Choose matching term
1 Language Development 2 infant
Gross and Fine Motor Development:
3 toddler physical change 4
Toddlers
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Terms in this set (53)
-rates vary
-cephalocaudal (head to tail)
principles of growth
-proximal distal
-definite, predictable sequence (not rate)
infant -birth to 24 months
-gain 5-7 oz per week
-doubles by 6 mo
NURS 232 EXAM 1
infant weights
-triples by 1 year
-"spurts" rather than gradual
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, 8/21/24, 3:02 AM
Sensorimotor: birth-2; from reflexes to repetitive behaviors; object permanence and
stranger anxiety;
Preoperational: 3-6yrs; imitation of behaviors; only able to understand cause when
experiencing effect; egocentric, magical thinking, non-logical, fearful, actively
involved, see/feel learning
-Preconceptual is subphase 2-4 yrs,
Piaget
Concrete operations: 7-10yrs; cause and effect, concrete term/explanations,
understands concepts of human body; "conceptual thinking"; masters the idea of
conservation
Formal operations: 11-adult; logical relationships, analyze, concern for moral and social
issues; abstract thinking
infant: crying is the first verbal communication; is reflexive at first, cry up to 4 hrs per
day; vocalizations begin as early as 5-6 weeks; laugh out loud by 4 months, imitate
sounds by 8 mo, comprehend "no" by 8-10 mo, can say 3-5 words with meaning by 1 yr
toddler: understanding is greater than vocalization; knows 300 words by 2 yr
Language Development
preschoolers: vocab increases from 300 to 2100 words; asking questions peaks at 4
(asking "why? why? why?"
school aged: bye age 7 understands time and the difference between right and left;
know the literal meaning of words amd begin to understand the nonliteral meaning; by
11 understands metaphors
begins with maternal dental health, wiping gums with washcloth, cleaning begins when
Dental Health in the Infant
primary teeth erupt (6-10 mo)
-head control: significant head lag after 6 mo is highly suspicious of cerebral injury;
-sitting without support by 8 mo;
-roll from abd to back @ 5 mo;
-roll from back to abd @ 6 mo
Gross and Fine Motor Development: Infant -grasping object by 2-3 mo
-transfer object between hands 7 mo
-pincer grasp 10 mo
-remove objects from container 11 mo
-build tower of blocks 12 mo
-locomotion by 12-13 mo
-improved coordination by 2-3 yrs
Gross and Fine Motor Development: -throw ball by 18 mo
Toddlers -stairs by 2 yr
-12 mo grasp small objects, but release is difficult
-18 mo able to drop a pellet into narrow neck bottle
-walking, running, climbing, jumping
-refinement in eye-hand and muscle coordination
-3yr olds: ride tricycle, balance on 1 foot, jump off the bottom step, alternative feet
going upstairs, copy a circle, build tower 9-10 blocks
Gross and Fine Motor Development:
-4 yr old: hops and skips on 1 foot, catch ball, alternative feet going down stairs,
Preschoolers
scissors, stick figures, hand preference
5 yrs: skip w alternative feet, self dress, throw and catch ball, tie shoes, walk backward
heel to toe, hit a ball, copy a square and triangle, draw a person, use a pencil and
scissors with skill
NURS 232 EXAM 1
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