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BMSC 230 - Gluconeogenesis questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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BMSC 230 - Gluconeogenesis questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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BMSC 230 - GluconeogenesisWhat is the goal of gluconeogenesis? - ANS- To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate
precursors
Where is the main site of gluconeogenesis in animals/humans? - ANS- 90% in liver, 10% in
kidney
What are the precursors for gluconeogenesis in animals/humans? - ANS- Lactate
- Pyruvate
- Glycerol
- Most amino acids
Why is gluconeogenesis so important during fasting & starvation? - ANS- Glucose is the primary
fuel for the brain and fuel for red blood cells
Where does the first reaction of gluconeogenesis occur? - ANS- It occurs in the mitochondrial
matrix
What is the basic way to describe gluconeogenesis? - ANS- Gluconeogenesis is basically the
reversal of glycolysis except for 3 steps
- There are 3 irreversible steps in glycolysis which must be bypassed in gluconeogenesis
Where does the second reaction of gluconeogenesis occur? - ANS- It occurs in the cytosol
What is the prosthetic group of pyruvate carboxylase? - ANS- Biotin
What is the first irreversible reaction that must be bypassed in gluconeogenesis? - ANS-
Pyruvate is converted to oxaloacetate with enzyme pyruvate carboxylase
- In glycolysis pyruvate is converted from phosphoenolpyruvate with enzyme pyruvate kinase
What is required to convert pyruvate to oxaloacetate? What activates it? - ANS- Requires ATP
- Activated by Acetyl-CoA
What happens after pyruvate is converted into oxaloacetate? - ANS- Oxaloacetate is converted
to phosphoenolpyruvate with enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
How does energy get out of the cytoplasm? - ANS- Pyruvate is converted to Oxaloacetate
- Oxaloacetate is converted to malate
- Malate is then transported out of the cytoplasm
- Malate is then converted back to oxaloacetate
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