,1. Which of the following mechanisms leads to alveolar collapse
in atelectasis?
a) Decreased compliance
b) Increased lung volume
c) Surfactant deficiency
d) Bronchoconstriction
Answer: c) Surfactant deficiency
Rationale: Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli; its
deficiency can lead to alveolar collapse.
, 3. The primary cause of pulmonary embolism is:
a) Pulmonary hypertension
b) Deep vein thrombosis
c) Pneumonia
d) Asthma
Answer: b) Deep vein thrombosis
Rationale: Most pulmonary embolisms originate from blood
clots formed in the deep veins of the legs (DVT).
4. What is the primary function of the cells found in the
respiratory epithelium?
a) Hormone secretion
b) Gas exchange
c) Mucus production
d) Structural support
Answer: c) Mucus production
Rationale: Goblet cells in the respiratory epithelium produce
mucus that traps particles and pathogens.
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