ESS Study Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
How does the systems approach differ from that of conventional science? What are the advantages of the systems approach compared to the conventional approach? - ANSWERSThe systems approach emphasizes similarities in the ways in which matter, energy,...
How does the systems approach differ from that of conventional science? What are the advantages of
the systems approach compared to the conventional approach? - ANSWERSThe systems approach
emphasizes similarities in the ways in which matter, energy, and information link together in a variety of
different disciplines such as ecology, economics, geography, and politics. The conventional science
approach looks at individual parts of a complex system independently and overlooks the way in which
these systems operate as a whole
Open system - ANSWERS-Energy and matter exchanged across the boundaries of the system
-organic so they have to interact with their environment to take in energy and new matter, and to
remove wastes
-People are open systems because they interact with their environment in order to take in food, water,
have shelter, and produce waste
Closed System - ANSWERS-Energy, but not matter is exchanged across the -boundaries of the system
-Atoms, molecules, mechanical systems
Isolated Systems - ANSWERS-Neither energy nor matter is exchanged across the boundary of the system
-they do not occur naturally but the universe can be
Summarize the first and second laws of thermodynamics - ANSWERS-First: energy cannot be created nor
destroyed
-Second: energy is not lost from systems when work is done, causing entropy
What is the difference between steady-state equilibrium and static equilibrium? - ANSWERSSteady state
equilibrium is the common property of most open systems in nature. There is a tendency in natural
systems for the equilibrium to return after disturbance but some systems may undergo long-term
changes to their equilibrium while keeping their integrity. In static equilibrium, there are no inputs or
outputs or energy and no change in the system over time. The steady state equilibrium would apply to
ecological systems because it applies to common properties of open systems in nature
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