Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) refers to a mechanical ventilation strategy without a(an) _____________________. correct answers artificial airway
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)______ (does or does not) include mechanical breaths, and the work of breathing is entire...
NPPV CH.7 || very Flawless.
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) refers to a mechanical ventilation strategy
without a(an) _____________________. correct answers artificial airway
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)______ (does or does not) include mechanical
breaths, and the work of breathing is entirely assumed by the ________ (ventilator or patient)
correct answers does not,
patient
Bilvel positive airway pressure (bilevel PAP) can be used to provide (one, two, one or two)
level(s) of airway pressure. correct answers one or two
When bilevel PAP is used, the peak inspiratory pressure is controlled by the _______ (IPAP,
EPAP) setting, and the CPAP or PEEP level is controlled by the _______ (IPAP, EPAP) setting.
correct answers IPAP
EPAP
If a larger tidal volume is desired, the _____ (IPAP, EPAP) level is typically _______ (increased,
decreased) to increase the pressure gradient between IPAP and EPAP. correct answers IPAP
increased
The functional residual capacity can be increased by increasing the _______ (IPAP, EPAP)
level. correct answers EPAP
_____ (IPAP, EPAP) relieves upper airway obstruction with its splinting action. correct answers
EPAP
List two or more laboratory parameters that may be used as titration endpoints for the
appropriate initial IPAP and EPAP levels. correct answers PaO2, PCO2, SpO2, and PeCO2 may
be used as titration endpoints
CPAP provides positive airway pressure during the _________ (inspiratory phase, expiratory
phase, entire spontaneous breath), and it _________(does, does not) include any mechanical
breaths. correct answers entire spontaneous breath
does not
Compared to mechanical ventilation, CPAP imposes ________ (more, less) work of breathing on
the patient. correct answers more
CPAP is considered a noninvasive ventilation strategy because it _________ (does, does not)
typically require an artificial airway. correct answers does not
, When the inspiratory pressure and expiratory pressure of a bilevel PAP device are set at the same
level, ________ (IPPB, CPAP, PEEP) results. correct answers CPAP
CPAP is the treatment of choice for _______ (central, obstructive, mixed) sleep apnea without
significant carbon dioxide retention. correct answers obstructive
CPAP should not be used to manage apnea that is due to _______ (airflow, obstruction,
neuromuscular causes) correct answers neuromuscular causes
Sleep apnea is defined as a temporary pause in breathing that lasts at least ________ (5, 10, 20)
sec during sleep. correct answers 10
The cause of obstructive sleep apnea is severe ________ (lung volume restriction, airflow
obstruction) during sleep. correct answers airflow obstruction
If a patient sleeps for 6 hours and has 120 apnea episodes. The _______ (apnea index, apnea-
hypopnea index, desaturation index) would be 20. correct answers apnea index
Hypopnea is defined as reduction of airflow to ______ (>25%, >50%, >70%) of the baseline
amplitude for ______ (5, 10, 30) seconds. This condition is usually associated with a reduction
of oxygen saturation by _____ (>2%, >4%, >8%) of the patient's baseline value. correct answers
>50%
10
4%
T/F
Hypopnea is associated with oxygen desaturation and pulse alteration correct answers true
The apnea-hypopnea index is the number of:
A) apneas and hypopnea per hour of sleep
B) apneas and hypopneas during test
C) apneas during test/number of hypopnea during test.
D) apneas and hypopnea in 8 hours of sleep correct answers A) apneas and hypopnea per hour of
sleep
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea?
A) obesity
B) increased neck circumference
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