Saunders Pharm-Immune Latest Update
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a client admitted to the hospital is taking abacavir. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse
effect of the medication? - Answer -hypotension
A client admitted to the hospital is...
Saunders NCLEX Endocrine Latest
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A 33-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of Graves' disease.
Which symptom related to the menstrual cycle would the client be most likely to report during the initial
assessment?
1.
Amenorrhea
2.
Menorrhagia
3.
Metrorrhagia
4.
Dysmenorrhea - Answer -Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea or a decreased menstrual flow occurs in the client with Graves' disease. Menorrhagia,
metrorrhagia, and dysmenorrhea are also disorders related to the female reproductive system; however,
they are not typical manifestations of Graves' disease.
A client arrives in the hospital emergency department complaining of severe thirst and polyuria. The
client tells the nurse that she has a history of diabetes mellitus. A blood glucose level is drawn, and the
result is 685 mg/dL (39.1 mmol/L). Which intervention should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed
initially for the client?
1.
Glyburide via the oral route
2.
Glucagon via the subcutaneous route
3.
,Insulin aspart via the subcutaneous route
4.
Regular insulin via the intravenous (IV) route - Answer -Regular insulin via the intravenous (IV)
route
The client is most likely in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Regular insulin via the IV route is the preferred
treatment for DKA. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin and can be given intravenously; it is titrated to
the client's high blood glucose levels. Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia, and glyburide is an oral
hypoglycemic agent used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin aspart is a short-acting insulin and is
not appropriate for the emergency treatment of DKA.
A client arrives in the hospital emergency department in an unconscious state. As reported by the
spouse, the client has diabetes mellitus and began to show symptoms of hypoglycemia. A blood glucose
level is obtained for the client, and the result is 40 mg/dL (2.28 mmol/L). Which medication should the
nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the client?
1.
Glucagon
2.
Glyburide
3.
Metformin
4.
Regular insulin - Answer -Glucagon
A blood glucose level lower than 50 mg/dL (2.85 mmol/L) is considered to be critically low. Glucagon is
used to treat hypoglycemia because it increases blood glucose levels. Insulin would lower the client's
blood glucose and would not be an appropriate treatment for hypoglycemia. Glyburide and metformin
are oral hypoglycemic agents used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and would not be given to a client
with hypoglycemia. In addition, an oral medication would not be administered to an unconscious client.
A client has a tumor that is interfering with the function of the hypothalamus. The nurse should monitor
for signs and symptoms related to which imbalance?
,1.
Melatonin excess or deficit
2.
Glucocorticoid excess or deficit
3.
Mineralocorticoid excess or deficit
4.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) excess or deficit - Answer -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) excess or
deficit
The hypothalamus exerts an influence on both the anterior and the posterior pituitary gland.
Abnormalities can result in excess or deficit of substances normally mediated by the pituitary. ADH could
be affected by disease of the hypothalamus because the hypothalamus produces ADH and stores it in
the posterior pituitary gland. The pineal gland is responsible for melatonin production. The adrenal
cortex is responsible for the production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
A client has abnormal amounts of circulating thyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). While obtaining the
health history, the nurse asks the client about dietary intake. Lack of which dietary element is most likely
the cause?
1.
Iodine
2.
Calcium
3.
Phosphorus
4.
Magnesium - Answer -Iodine
A client has been diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should assess the client for which
expected manifestations of this disorder?
, 1.
Dizziness
2.
Weight loss
3.
Hypoglycemia
4.
Truncal obesity - Answer -Truncal obesity
The client with Cushing's syndrome may exhibit a number of different manifestations. These may include
moon face, truncal obesity, and a "buffalo hump" fat pad. Other signs include hyperglycemia,
hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, peripheral edema, hypertension, increased appetite, and weight gain.
Dizziness is not part of the clinical picture for this disorder.
A client has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse monitors for which signs and symptoms
indicating a complication of this disorder? Select all that apply.
1.
Fever
2.
Nausea
3.
Lethargy
4.
Tremors
5.
Confusion
6.
Bradycardia - Answer -1.
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