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Diagnosis and Psychopathology Midterm Questions with Correct Answers
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Diagnosis and Psychopathology Midterm Questions with Correct Answers
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Diagnosis and Psychopathology Midterm Questionswith Correct Answers
Criteria to determine presence of psychopathology? Correct Answer-1.
Psychological dysfunction with cognitive processes and/or behavior
and/or emotion
2. Distress and/or functional impairment in social and/or vocational
and/or education and/or daily life
3. Culturally Unexpected
When was the "birth date" of psychology? Correct Answer-1886
Who was Wilhelm Wundt Correct Answer-German, First psychological
lab, one of the first to identify the limits of short-term memory
Who was thought of as the first Clinical Psychologist? Correct Answer-
Lightner Witmer
Who developed the first widely used intelligence test Correct Answer-
Binet and Simon
What initiated the development of the first DSM? Correct Answer-
Assessment was inconsistent. Agreement for diagnosis was at
approximately 20%.
,When did Beck publish his study on diagnostic agreement? What did he
find? Correct Answer-1962 - After the first DSM was published, level of
agreement increased to 32%-42%.
When was psychology recognized for treatment with psychotherapy?
Correct Answer-During and after WWII
DSM III Correct Answer-established in 1980, heavy dose of empiricism
in DSM
concrete, discrete populations, use of field trials to check the check lists.
DSM III-R Correct Answer-1987, new symptom checklists, more
etiology
DSM IV Correct Answer-1994
What are some problems with the DSM-5? Correct Answer-1. The shift
from multiracial diagnosis (Axis I and Axis II),
2. Psychological disorder may be less categorical and more dimensional,
people below the threshold are suffering maybe just as much as people
above the threshold, 3.Generalizability-field trials done mainly in the
USA which may or may not apply to various cultures, 4. Controversy
with proposed diagnostic categories for the future 5. Rampant
comorbidity- hard to do research on an individual diagnostic criteria-
adds to unreliability, 6. symptom clusters seem to overlap 7. having a
DSM in the first place creates a code for stigmatizing people
,Defining Features of Psychological Disorders Correct Answer-1.
discontrol-lack of self-control, inhibition (discontrol is a key element of
substance use disorders, ADHD, personality disorders 2. impairment--
What is clinically significant in regards to impairment? ex: Autism
disorder used to be diagnosed only if severe, non-verbal. What's viewed
as significant has changed over the years.
Note: unclear boundaries are often prevalent in diagnosis (ex: same
treatment used to address depressive and anxiety disorders)
Who initiated the categorical model, recognizing its gray area? Correct
Answer-Kraeplin, he began insisting clear distinctions between
normality and psychopathology.
Theories of dual diagnosis Correct Answer-Primary/Secondary Theory-
Psychological disorder first, then substance use disorders (SUD).
Substance use is attempt at self-medication, SUD related to
neurocoginitive deficits related to disorders (ex: schizophrenia
symptoms may put someone at a higher risk for SUD). OR SUD is
primary and psychological condition is secondary (ex: SUD primary,
MDD secondary). cycle of need would drive to MDD-feeling hopeless
Bidirectional Causality Model- SU influences psych disorder at the same
time psych disorder is influencing SU. cyclic in nature ex: anxiety
disorders and dual diagnosis
Common Factors Model- ASP disorder common factor to explain
disorder and SUD, not a lot of good studies with conclusive factors.
, DSM-IV-TR Correct Answer-2000
Strengths of categorical system Correct Answer-Simplicity
Credibility
What was the Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA)? Correct
Answer-Largest and most comprehensive study of mental disorders ever
completed in the United States. The study collected data on the
prevalence and incidence of mental disorders in the United States.
Characteristics of Dual Diagnosis? Correct Answer-Treatment
compliance is terrible.
Higher rates of homelessness, legal trouble, treatable illnesses.
They consume the most health care dollars (despite the fact that they
have trouble with treatment compliance).
DSM 5 Correct Answer-2013
What are some assumptions about the DSM? Correct Answer-1. It
identifies/classifies things that are readily distinguishable 2. the accurate
diagnosis of disorder is actually important -Dx facilitates choice of a
specific treatment that is effective for that disorder 3. substantiates a
medical model for psychological disorders which leads to assumption
that medical intervention should be prioritized.
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