Exam (elaborations)
PHM 350 Exam 1 – Drugs Questions With Complete Solutions
- Course
- Institution
PHM 350 Exam 1 – Drugs Questions With Complete Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
PHM 350 Exam 1 – Drugs Questions With CompleteSolutions
Acetylcholine (ACh) Correct Answers - formed by enzymatic
acetylation of choline
- grouped by ester linkage
- metabolized by acetylcholinesterase at all cholinergic synapses
- metabolized by non-specific cholinesterase in plasma
*Neurotransmitter substance:
- all post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector junctions
- some post-ganglionic sympathetic neuroeffector junctions
(sweat glands)
- neuromuscular junctions (skeletal muscle)
- All autonomic ganglia
- CNS (multiple sites)
ACh as a Therapeutic Agent Correct Answers - activated N &
M cholinergic receptors
- CHARGED molecule
,- does NOT enter CNS
- does NOT cross GI tract or BBB
- rapidly destroyed by plasma cholinesterase
- useless as a systemic therapeutic agent
- can be active if given topically
* Ophthalmic preparation, 1% ACh (MIOCHOL):
parasympathomimetic
Actions in the Eye of Noradrenergic Agonists Correct Answers
- A1 specific
- Mydriatic: pupillary dilation
* Phenylephrine, Epinephrine
- Glaucoma Tx: local vasoconstriction
* Brimonidine
Adrenergic/Noradrenergic Receptor Subtypes Correct Answers
- drugs act directly on noradrenergic receptors
,- Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta 1, Beta 2
Adrenoreceptor Agonists Activation of Alpha Receptors
Correct Answers A1
- vasoconstriction: increased TPR & BP
- mydriasis (pupil dilation)
- urine retention: bladder sphincter constriction & wall
relaxation
- fecal retention: intestinal sphincter constriction
- uterine contraction (pregnant females)
- hyperglycemia: hepatic glycogenolysis, glucose production
- Secretion of low volume, viscous saliva
- constriction of ureter by prostate (reduce urine flow)
A2
- decrease NE from noradrenergic neurons
- decease insulin secretion from pancreas ---> decreased glucose
uptake by skeletal muscle ----> hyperglycemia
, Adrenoreceptor Agonists Activation of Beta Receptors Correct
Answers B1
- increased HR, contractility & CO
- increased renin secretion ---> increased RAS activity, blood
volume & BP
B2
- dilate arterioles in heart & skeletal muscle (non-innervated)
- bronchiole relaxation
- decreased intestinal motility
- lipolysis (adipocytes) ---> hyperglycemia & hyperlipidemia
- increase glycogenolysis in liver ---> hyperglycemia
- increase insulin secretion from pancreas ---> hypoglycemia
- uterine relaxation (prenant females)
Adrenoreceptor Agonists Catecholamines Correct Answers -
less well absorbed from GI tract
- substrates for monoamine oxidase (MAO) - short half life
- usually injected/infused through IV
- usually for emergency situations
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Classroom. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79650 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now