NU401 Exam 3 PT1 Latest Update
What is depression overall - Answer Alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of
sadness, despair, and pessimism
How many people experience a depressive episode in the last year - Answer 6.7% of
those over 18
Who is depression more common in - Answer Women
More in those 45 or younger
Social class -> low socioeconomic
No constant link between race
Single and divorced people are more likely to -> lacking close personal relationship
Seasonal
Major depressive disorder - Answer Characterized by depressed mood
Loss of interest or pleasure in activities
Symptoms last at LEAST 20 weeks
No history of manic behavior
Cannot attribute to other substances or medical conditions
What is dysthymia - Answer persistent depressive disorder
Sad or down in the dumps
No evidence of psychotic symptoms
What is premenstrual dysphoria disorder - Answer Depressed mood, anxiety, mood
swings, decreased interest in activities
Symptoms occur during or a week prior to menses. Start to improve within a few days
Substance or medical induced depressive disorder - Answer Considered to be direct
result of physiological effects of a substance
Depressive disorder associated with another medical condition - Answer Attributable to
the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition
What are the biological predisposing factors of depression - Answer Genetic: hereditary
links
Biochemical: deficiency of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Excess
, cholinergic transmission
Neuro endocrine disturbances: possible hypothalamic-pituitary-Adrenocortical axis
failure. Possible finished release thyroid stimulating hormone
Physiological influences - Answer Medication side effects
Neurological disorder
Electrolyte disturbances
Hormonal disorders
Nutrtional deficiencies
Other physiological conditions
The role of inflammation
Psychoanalytical theory of depression - Answer A loss is internalized and becomes
directed against the ego
learning theory of depression - Answer learned helplessness
Individual who experiences numerous failures learns to give up trying
Object loss theory of depression - Answer Experience loss of significant other during
first 6 months of life
Feelings of helplessness and despair
Early loss or trauma may predispose client to lifelong periods of depression
Cognitive theory of depression - Answer Views primary disturbances in depression as
cognitive rather than affective
Negative expectations of environment
Negative expectations of the self
Negative expectations of the future
What are symptoms of depression in those under 3 years old - Answer Feeding
problems, tantrums, lack of playfulness and emotional expressiveness
What are symptoms of depression 3-5 YO - Answer Accident proneness, phobias,
excessive self reproach
What are symptoms of depression 6-8 YO - Answer Physical complaints, aggressive
behavior, clinging behavior
What are symptoms of depression 9-12 YO - Answer Morbid thoughts and excessive
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