Biology 114 exam 3 Prep | 102 Questions and
Correct Answers With Complete Solution, 100%
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Synarthrosis
No Movement
structures of Synarthrosis joints (non-moveable)
Synostosis- non-moveable joints; where frontal bone connects
Synchondrosis- Where the first rib and the cartilage meet and articulate with the top of the sternman,
the first rib and the Manbrium don't move.
suture- Non-Moveable joints between parietal bones in the head
Gomphosis- Where the teeth articulate with the mandible and the maxilla
types of amphiarthrosis joints (little to no movement)
Symphysis- Between the pelvic crest where the hip bones articulate; the only time the joint moves is
during child broth
Diarthrosis (free movement)
synovial- bring oxygen and nutrients to hyaline cartilage at the ends of bones; liquid in joints; all
movement comes from synovial joints
Types of Synovial Joints
plane, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket
plane joint
joint between tarsals and carpals
pivot joints
Pivot joints allow rotation arround an axis. The neck and forearms have pivot joints. In the neck the
occipital bone spins over the top of the axis. In the forearms the radius and ulna twist arround each
other.
saddle joint
-type of joint found at the base of each thumb; allows grasping and rotation
-looks like a saddle
-two sides of the structure had a barrier
-allows for left and right movement
hinge joint
, -like a door
Can open and close
-elbow and knee
-flex and extend
condylar joint
a little of both gliding and pivot joints allow for rotation and movement of all axis
ex) Scypoid Bone
ball and socket joint
-shoulder and hip joints
-has a rounded head and socket
allows for maximum rotation
functions of synovial joints
lubrication- Prevent friction
protection- Protects the ends of long bones (articular cartilage)
shock absorption- fat acts as a shock absorber
Nutrition distribution- Brings oxygen and nutrients to bones and cartilage
Structures of Synovial joints include:
meniscus
fat pads
ligaments
bursa
meniscus
-green looking pads of cartilage that goes towards the front of the knee and covers the back of the knee
-function is to channel synovial fluid to give articular cartilage oxygen and nutrients
Ligaments
-ACL crosses back to front
-PCL crosses front to back
-Keeps knee from twisting and keeps it stable and in place
Bursa
-Pads near tendons or ligaments filled with fluid to prevent friction
-Bursitus is inflamation of Bursa
-Mostly in the shoulder because it has huge Bursa
Fat Pads
-Underneath patella
-fills up spaces with fat to act as a shock absorber
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