Exam (elaborations)
ONS CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
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ONS CHEMOTHERAPY IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
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ONSCHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY
CERTIFICATE
3 major phases of cell division: - Answers -Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: - Answers -First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
4 phases of mitosis: - Answers -Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
How do alkylating agents work? - Answers -By causing a break in the DNA helix strand,
interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - Answers -1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - Answers -Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: - Answers -Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
, Common platinum-based agents: - Answers -Cisplatin (Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents? - Answers -Able to cross the blood-brain
barrier; can be effective in treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents: - Answers -Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of: - Answers -Carboplatin
These agents are typically categorized as highly emetogenic: - Answers -1. Alkylating
agents
2. Nitrosoureas
Pre-administration labs for alkylating agents and nitrosoureas: - Answers -BUN
Creatinine
CBC w/ diff
What is the medication Mesna used for? - Answers -Bladder protectant with
administration of cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide
Instruct pts receiving ________ to avoid exposure to cold air and consuming cold fluids
for 3-4 days following treatment - Answers -Oxaliplatin
How do antimetabolites function? - Answers -By blocking DNA and RNA growth by
interfering with enzymes needed for normal cell metabolism
Antimetabolites work in the ___ phase. - Answers -S
What types of cells are best affected by antimetabolites? - Answers -Cells with high
division rates
Common side effects of antimetabolites: - Answers -Myelosuppression
GI toxicities
Photosensitivity
Hand-foot syndrome
Common antimetabolite drugs: - Answers -Azacitidine
Capecitabine
5-FU
Cytarabine
Decitabine
Methotrexate
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