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Neuro PLQ 6 - Chapter 66 questions and answers 100% satisfaction guarantee
Neuro PLQ 6 - Chapter 66 questions and answers 100% satisfaction guarantee
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STUVIA 2024/2025Neuro PLQ 6 - Chapter 66
Autoregulation - ✔✔refers to the brain's ability to change the diameter of its blood vessels to
maintain a constant cerebral blood flow during alterations in systemic blood pressure.
Early Signs and Symptoms of Increasing ICP - ✔✔Disorientation, restlessness, increased respiratory
effort, purposeless movements, and mental confusion. These are early clinical indications of
increasing ICP because the brain cells responsible for cognition are extremely sensitive to decreased
oxygenation.
Pupillary changes and impaired extraocular movements. These occur as the increasing pressure
displaces the brain against the oculomotor and optic nerves (cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI), which
arise from the midbrain and brainstem (see Chapter 65).
Weakness in one extremity or on one side of the body. This occurs as increasing ICP compresses the
pyramidal tracts.
Headache that is constant, increasing in intensity, and aggravated by movement or straining. This
occurs as increasing ICP causes pressure and stretching of venous and arterial vessels in the base
of the brain.
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ICP Normal Range - ✔✔usually measured in the lateral ventricles, with the normal pressure being 0
to 10 mm Hg, and 15 mm Hg being the upper limit of normal.
Diabetes Insipidus - ✔✔the most common disorder of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is
characterized by a deficiency of ADH (vasopressin). Excessive thirst (polydipsia) and large volumes
of dilute urine are manifestations of the disorder. It may occur secondary to head trauma, brain tumor,
or surgical ablation or irradiation of the pituitary gland.
status epilepticus - ✔✔episode in which the patient experiences multiple seizures with no recovery
time in between
Monro-Kellie hypothesis - ✔✔theory that states that due to limited space for expansion within the
skull, an increase in any one of the cranial contents—brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)—causes a change in the volume of the others; also referred to as Monro-Kellie doctrine
locked-in syndrome - ✔✔condition resulting from a lesion in the pons in which the patient lacks all
distal motor activity (paralysis) but cognition is intact
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