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Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Hockenberry; Wilson; Rodger
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Test Bank For Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11thEdition Hockenberry; Wilson; Rodgers | 9780323624190|
Chapter 1-31| All Chapters with Answers and Rationals
A nurse is delivering a lecture to a group of parents on child health and diseases. What is the most
common cause of death in children older than 1 year?
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Motor vehicle accidents
Heart disease - ANSWER: Motor Vehicle Accidents
Rationale: Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of death in children over 1 year of
age. Obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children and can lead to type 2 diabetes.
Incidents related to death due to heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease, in children are not
that common.
A school nurse finds that many adolescents in the school are overweight. Being overweight
predisposes these adolescents to which conditions?
Diabetes
Hypertension
Heart diseases
Fractures
Headaches - ANSWER: Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart Disease
Rationale: Overweight individuals are at high risk of developing diabetes due to increased insulin
resistance. The risk of hypertension and heart disease is also high due to atherosclerosis. The risk of
fractures and headaches is not dependent on body weight.
What should be the primary goal of a nurse while providing atraumatic care to a child?
First, do no harm to the child.
Restrain the child.
Repress the parents.
Anesthetize the child - ANSWER: First, do no harm to the child.
Rationale: The most important goal for providing a traumatic care is first, do no harm to the child.
Restraining the child, repressing the parents and anesthesia are not primary goals of a traumatic care.
What is the most common cause of death and disability in children in the United States?
Injuries
Violence
Drowning
Mental health problems - ANSWER: Injuries.
Rationale: Injuries account for the most common cause of death and disability to children in the
United States. Violence, drowning, and mental health problems are not the most common causes of
death and disability in children in the United States.
A nurse understands that moral values are important in any decision making. What does the moral
value autonomy refer to?
The obligation to prevent or minimize harm
The patient's right to be self-governing
The concept of fairness
The obligation to promote the patient's well-being - ANSWER: The patient's right to be self-governing.
,Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to be self-governing and make decisions about his or
her own healthcare. The obligation to prevent or minimize harm is called nonmaleficence. The
concept of fairness is called justice. The obligation to promote the patient's well-being is called
beneficence.
What should be the nurse's instruction to the parent of a child who is overweight?
Inform the parent that the baby is well nourished.
Advise the parent to put the child on a temporary fast.
Tell the parent to reduce the quantity of food supplied to child.
Emphasize the importance of physical activity for the child. - ANSWER: Emphasize the importance of
physical activity for the child.
Rationale: Childhood obesity is the major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Weight-
loss measures such as increased physical activity and avoiding a sedentary lifestyle play an important
role in prevention of diabetes. Overweight is also a sort of malnourishment. A fast is merely a
temporary measure of weight reduction and is not appropriate for children. Modification of food
habits is more important than reducing food intake.
A nurse explains to a young patient's parent that, in children, the frequency of certain diseases
decreases with age. Which condition should the nurse state as an example to prove her point?
Headaches
Acne
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Tonsillitis - ANSWER: Tonsillitis
Rationale: The types of illnesses that children contract are dependent on age. The incidence of upper
respiratory tract infections like tonsillitis decreases with age. Headaches and acne increase in
frequency with age. Type 1 or juvenile diabetes is not associated with a specific age.
After recording the weight of a newborn child, the nurse concludes that it is a low-birth-weight (LBW)
baby. What is the weight of the baby?
More than 4.5 kg
More than 3.5 kg
Less than 2.5 kg
Less than 5.0 kg - ANSWER: Less than 2.5 kg
Rationale: LBW is a major cause of neonatal death. LBW is defined as a birth weight of a live born
infant less than 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds). Birth weights of more than 4.5 kg, more than 3.5 kg, and less than
5.0 kg are normal.
When teaching safety and injury prevention, the nurse explains that children are at risk for different
injuries based on their developmental stage. Which group of children is at the greatest risk of street
accidents?
Small infants
Crawling infants
Mobile toddler
Preschooler - ANSWER: Preschooler
Rationale: The type of injury mostly depends on the developmental stage of the child and the
activities related to that developmental age. Preschoolers may become too absorbed in their play
activities to be aware of environmental hazards such as street traffic and water. Small infants do not
move much, but when they try to move or roll, they can fall from unprotected surfaces. Crawling
infants tend to put objects in their mouth and are thus at high risk of aspiration and poisoning. Mobile
toddlers are at high risk of falls, burns, and collision with objects due to their newfound capability to
run and climb.
,How does the nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process help the nurse make decisions about the
patient's care?
The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process is completed once the outcome has been met.
The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process occurs when the nurse puts the selected
intervention into action.
The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process operates at all phases of problem-solving and is
the foundation for decision-making.
The nursing diagnosis phase of the nursing process helps the nurse make a clinical judgment about
the patient's response to an actual or potential health problem. - ANSWER: The nursing diagnosis
phase of the nursing process helps the nurse make a clinical judgment about the patient's response to
an actual or potential health problem.
Rationale: Nursing diagnoses help the nurse make a clinical judgment about the patient's response to
an actual or potential health problem. Evaluation, rather than nursing diagnosis, is the phase of the
nursing process that is complete once the outcome has been met. Implementation, rather than
nursing diagnosis, is the phase of the nursing process in which the nurse puts the selected
intervention into action. Assessment, rather than nursing diagnosis, is the phase of the nursing
process that operates at all phases of problem-solving and is the foundation for decision-making.
A registered nurse is explaining to a nursing intern about atraumatic care in a pediatric care facility.
Which example should the nurse cite to explain this process?
Administering pain medications
Recording blood pressure
Administering intravenous fluids
Providing diet as listed in the diet chart - ANSWER: Administering pain medications
Rationale: A traumatic care refers to the provision of therapeutic care that eliminates or minimizes
the psychologic and physical distress experienced by children and their families in the health care
system. Controlling pain by administering pain medications is an example of a traumatic care. Nursing
procedures such as recording blood pressure, administering fluids, and providing diet according to the
diet chart are not examples of a traumatic care.
1. A nurse is selecting a family theory to assess a patient's family dynamics. Which family theory best
describes a series of tasks for the family throughout its life span?
a. Interactional theory
b. Developmental systems theory
c. Structural-functional theory
d. Duvall's developmental theory - ANSWER: Duvall's developmental theory
Duvall's developmental theory describes eight developmental tasks of the family throughout its life
span. Interactional theory and structural-functional theory are not family theories. Developmental
systems theory is an outgrowth of Duvall's theory. The family is described as a small group, a
semiclosed system of personalities that interact with the larger cultural system. Changes do not occur
in one part of the family without changes in others.
2. Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that
promote adaptation to these events?
a. Interactional theory
b. Developmental systems theory
c. Family stress theory
d. Duvall's developmental theory - ANSWER: Family stress theory
ANS: C
Family stress theory explains the reaction of families to stressful events. In addition, the theory helps
suggest factors that promote adaptation to the stress. Stressors, both positive and negative, are
cumulative and affect the family. Adaptation requires a change in family structure or interaction.
, Interactional theory is not a family theory. Interactions are the basis of general systems theory.
Developmental systems theory is an outgrowth of Duvall's theory. The family is described as a small
group, a semiclosed system of personalities that interact with the larger cultural system. Changes do
not occur in one part of the family without changes in others. Duvall's developmental theory
describes eight developmental tasks of the family throughout its life span.
3. Which is the term for a family in which the paternal grandmother, the parents, and two minor
children live together?
a. Blended
b. Nuclear
c. Binuclear
d. Extended - ANSWER: Extended
An extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more members
(related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. A blended family contains at least one
stepparent, step-sibling, or half-sibling. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their children.
No other relatives or nonrelatives are present in the household. In binuclear families, parents
continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal unit. For example, when joint custody is
assigned by the court, each parent has equal rights and responsibilities for the minor child or children.
4. A nurse is assessing a family's structure. Which describes a family in which a mother, her children,
and a stepfather live together?
a. Blended
b. Nuclear
c. Binuclear
d. Extended - ANSWER: Blended
A blended family contains at least one stepparent, step-sibling, or half-sibling. The nuclear family
consists of two parents and their children. No other relatives or nonrelatives are present in the
household. In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal
unit. For example, when joint custody is assigned by the court, each parent has equal rights and
responsibilities for the minor child or children. An extended family contains at least one parent, one
or more children, and one or more members (related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling.
5. Parents of a firstborn child are asking whether it is normal for their child to be extremely
competitive. The nurse should respond to the parents that studies about the ordinal position of
children suggest that firstborn children tend to:
a. be praised less often.
b. be more achievement oriented.
c. be more popular with the peer group.
d. identify with peer group more than parents. - ANSWER: be more achievement oriented.
Firstborn children, like only children, tend to be more achievement oriented. Being praised less often,
being more popular with the peer group, and identifying with peer groups more than parents are
characteristics of later-born children.
6. The nurse is teaching a group of new parents about the experience of role transition. Which
statement by a parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
a. "My marital relationship can have a positive or negative effect on the role transition."
b. "If an infant has special care needs, the parents' sense of confidence in their new role is
strengthened."
c. Young parents can adjust to the new role easier than older parents."
d. "A parent's previous experience with children makes the role transition more difficult." - ANSWER:
My marital relationship can have a positive or negative effect on the role transition."
ANS: A
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