What 4 compounds are found as gases (Alkanes)? - ANSWER: Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane
What happens to the compound's physical properties as the number of Carbons increases? -
ANSWER: Melting/Boiling point increases
Alkanes are considered to be ______ reactive (very/not very) - ANSWER: Not very
Combustion of methane - ANSWER: CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O + energy
Combustion of ethane - ANSWER: 2C2H6 + 7O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Halogen alkanes are ________ reactive than alkanes (more/less reactive) - ANSWER: More reactive
What is one way to make alkanes react more vigorously? - ANSWER: Halogenation of Alkanes
Reaction between methane and chlorine - ANSWER: CH4 + Cl - (UV light)-> CH3CL + HCl
State the name of this Hydroalkane: CH3Cl - ANSWER: Chloromethane
Define isomer - ANSWER: Same compound, different structure
(Example of an) Equation for cracking of Octane - ANSWER: C8H18 -(Catalyst)-(heat)-> C3H4 (ethene)
+ C6H12 (hexene)
:
3 rules to keep in mind when naming halides - ANSWER: 1. Longest chain possible (of carbon)
2. Smallest number possible (eg 2, 2 dimethyl butane not 3, 3 dimethyl butane (C6H14))
3. Follow alphabetical order (eg 2-bromo, 3-chloro, 3-methyl butane)
What are the 2 main reactions alkanes undergo? - ANSWER: Combustion and Halogenation
Adding hydrogen to alkanes can also be known as a (________ reaction) on top of being called a
halogenation reaction - ANSWER: Substitution reaction
Alkanes can only undergo a substitution reaction with _______ - ANSWER: Halogens
Adding a halogen is called a ______ reaction - ANSWER: Halogenation rxn
Adding a halogen to an alkane is also called a __________ reaction - ANSWER: Substitution rxn
Adding a halogen to an alkene is also called an __________ reaction - ANSWER: Addition rxn
Naming a halogen alkane depends on _______ - ANSWER: The location of the halogen
What is the main difference between alkanes and alkenes? - ANSWER: Alkenes have a double
bond/alkanes don't
(+ General formula)
Double bonds can also be referred to as _______ - ANSWER: Unsaturated bonds
The presence of double bonds makes an alkene __________ reactive than an alkane (more/less
reactive) - ANSWER: More reactive
As you go down the alkene group, the melting/boiling point _______ (increases/decreases) -
ANSWER: Increases
How do you test to differentiate alkanes and alkenes? - ANSWER: Test for saturation
What do you need to consider when naming an alkene? - ANSWER: Position of double bonds
When is the position of double bonds assigned (in an alkene)? - ANSWER: In its name - eg pent-1-ene
vs pent-2-ene
In a test for saturation, alkanes undergo what reaction? - ANSWER: Substitution reaction
In a test for saturation, alkenes undergo what reaction? - ANSWER: Addition reaction
The word for light can also be abbreviated as _______ in a chemical equation - ANSWER: HV (eg HV
UV is UV light)
Single bonds are __________ (saturated/unsaturated) - ANSWER: Saturated
Double bonds are __________ (saturated/unsaturated) - ANSWER: Unsaturated
Saturated bonds are __________ than unsaturated bonds (healthier/not healthier) - ANSWER: Not
healthier
Test for saturation between ethane and Br (include the type of reaction, any catalysts, how you know
it is ethane not ethene, and whether its bond is saturated/unsaturated) - ANSWER: CH3 - CH3 + Br2 -
(HV UV) -> CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - Br + HBr
* Substitution rxn
* Color will not change, it'll stay the same red/brown color
* Saturated bond
Test for saturation between ethene and Br (include the type of reaction, any catalysts, how you know
it is ethane not ethene, and whether its bond is saturated/unsaturated) - ANSWER: CH2 = CH2 + Br2 -
(HV UV) -> Br - CH2 - CH2 - Br
* Addition rxn
* Red/brown color -> clear color
* Unsaturated bond
What are the 4 main reactions alkenes undergo? - ANSWER: 1 - Combustion rxn
2 - Halogenation
3 - Hydrogenation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller phinta004. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.