Nephrology - Intro to Nephrology Exam Questions With Correct Answers.
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Course
Nephrology
Institution
Nephrology
Nephrology - Intro to Nephrology Exam
Questions With Correct Answers.
What part of the kidney do you bx? - answerLower pole to avoid blood vessels.
What are some contraindications to doing a kidney bx? - answerChronic anticoagulation.
Solitary kidney.
What are the complications of a renal biop...
Nephrology - Intro to Nephrology Exam
Questions With Correct Answers.
What part of the kidney do you bx? - answer✔✔Lower pole to avoid blood vessels.
What are some contraindications to doing a kidney bx? - answer✔✔Chronic anticoagulation.
Solitary kidney.
What are the complications of a renal biopsy? - answer✔✔Bleeding #1
Pain
Infection
PAGE kidney (bleeding in capsule ->HTN)
AV fistula
Puncture of liver, pancreas, spleen
Urinoma
What causes increased pressure in Bowman's capsule? - answer✔✔Hydronephrosis
How can you measure/estimate the GFR? - answer✔✔24 hour urine collection for Cr clearance
MDRD equation (age, sex, race, serum Cr)
CKD-EPI equation (age, sex, race, serum Cr)
Cockcroft-Gault equation
Is Cr appreciably secreted or metabolized by the renal tubules? - answer✔✔NO
Halving the creatinine clearance leads to a _____ of serum Cr. - answer✔✔Doubling
What value should Cr be during pregnancy? - answer✔✔Cr < 0.8
If the Cr is elevated out of proportion to the BUN think about ________ -
answer✔✔Rhabdomyolysis
Alcoholics and pts with very poor muscle mass will have _______ creatinine. - answer✔✔low
What are some causes of a high BUN/Cr ratio? - answer✔✔Pre-renal azotemia
Volume depleted
CHF
Catabolic
Steroids
GI bleed (also hyperkalemic)
Pre-renal azotemia - answer✔✔
What are some history items to eval for the patient with suspected renal disease? - answer✔✔-
Medication use (NSAIDs, certain Abx)
- Family Hx of renal disease (PKD, Alports)
- Onset of symptoms of renal dysfunction (flank pain/tenderness, abdominal distention, LE
edema, skin rashes, neurologic symptoms)
- Changes in bladder function (nocturia, polyuria and hesitancy (obstruction))
- Fatigue and weakness
What are some items on the Physical Exam to look out for in a patient with suspected renal
disease? - answer✔✔- Vital signs
- Eyes (fundoscopic changes, red eye (uveitis w/acute interstitial nephritis)
- Skin manifestations (rash, purpura)
- CV (JVP, S3 or S4)
- Abdomen (CVA tenderness, kidney enlargement, renal/abdominal bruits)
- Neurologic (peripheral neuropathy)
What gives urine its color? - answer✔✔Urochrome
What turns urine blue green? - answer✔✔Biliverdin
Amitriptyline
What is the definition of polyuria? - answer✔✔> 3000 ml in 24 hours
What are some causes of polyuria? - answer✔✔Excessive liquid intake
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