Biodiversity and Conservation - Quiz 1 Questions With Answers
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Course
Nurss122
Institution
Nurss122
What is conservation biology? - CORRECT ANSWER-the applied science concerned
with the management of biodiversity
- goes beyond traditional boundaries of life and physical sciences to include advocacy
- creates tensions between pure and applied conservation biology
- scale of conservation: glob...
Biodiversity and Conservation - Quiz 1
Questions With Answers
What is conservation biology? - CORRECT ANSWER-the applied science concerned
with the management of biodiversity
- goes beyond traditional boundaries of life and physical sciences to include advocacy
- creates tensions between pure and applied conservation biology
- scale of conservation: global level
Why do we conserve biodiversity? - CORRECT ANSWER-To protect our life support
systems and habitats, economic reasons, cultural and aesthetic reasons
- influenced by underlying human values and philosophies
- philosophies are different between individuals and organizations, even those
dedicated to conservation
- Utilitarian values (resource value)
- Intrinsic values (independent of human)
Brumby Bill case study - CORRECT ANSWER-Cultural heritage bill to protect wild
horses
- 7000 feral horses in the national park
- Horses are starving during droughts, hooves get caught in the snow
- Horses do a lot of damage in the Australian alps to lands with high significance to
indigenous groups
Hooves destroy lands, graze areas to nothing, introduce species such as weeds
Spreading invasive plants species into this environment
Impacts on native species
- Indigenous groups left out of cultural bill
- Solution: acknowledge that displacement of Indigenous people and early settlers
What is the Anthropocene? - CORRECT ANSWER-proposed geological epoch dating
from the commencement of significant human impact on Earth's geology and
ecosystems
Extinction - CORRECT ANSWER-Rivet popper hypothesis: removing individual species
from an ecosystem is similar to removing rivets from an airplane (removing one or two =
plane will still fly, removing more = plane will not fly)
- Some rivets are more key in the ecosystem than others
- Species redundancy improves ecosystem resilience
- Australia = worlds worst record for mammal extinctions
- Freshwater fish are at the biggest risk
, Extinction processes - CORRECT ANSWER-- Extrinsic (exterior) threats: causes a
large population to decline (land clearing, bushfires)
- Small populations go extinct (intrinsic impacts like reduced genetic diversity, random
effects, small populations are more of a risk)
Extinction vortex - CORRECT ANSWER-Demographic stochasticity (change events
significant for small populations because more vulnerable to these random events)
- Environmental impacts
- Genetic drift
- Random mutations
- Inbreeding
The Great Acceleration - CORRECT ANSWER-- Socio-economic trends: acceleration in
post industrial period (world population, GDP, fertilizer consumption)
- Earth-system trends: hugely increasing (carbon dioxide, methane, ocean acidification)
State of Environment (SOE) report - CORRECT ANSWER-- Combined science,
traditional and local knowledge needed to asses the health of our environment
- Indigenous knowledge and connections to Country are vital for sustainability and
healing Australia
- Immediate action and innovative management and collaboration can turn things
around
Ecological footprints - CORRECT ANSWER-Area needed to support a populations
lifestyle to produce resources (consumption of food, fuel, wood, and fibres, pollution)
- Human footprint: Terrestrial (pastureland = low, super urbanized city = high), Marine
(hotspots in north sea, few places where impact is considered low)
- Population growth and consumption patterns means EF exceeds biospheres
regenerative capacity almost everywhere
Biocapacity - CORRECT ANSWER-the capacity of a given biologically productive area
to generate an on-going supply of renewable resources
- biological productivity of the land (cropland, pasture)
- 16% of the worlds biocapacity in Brazil
Biodiversity in Oceania - CORRECT ANSWER-6/39 of worlds biodiversity hotspots
- Major threats affecting biodiversity in Oceania: habitat loss (highest), overexploitation,
invasive species (second highest), pollution
Major threats to biodiversity - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Habitat loss (80% of threatened
species affected)
2. Invasive species (causes 75% of extinctions of terrestrial mammals, many invasive
plants)
3. Climate change (oceans warming and becoming more acidic, coral bleaching,
species distributions shifting polewards, sea level rise affecting freshwater wetlands)
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