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BCBA SAFMEDS Questions and CORRECT Answers 2024/2025
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BCBA SAFMEDS Questions and CORRECT Answers 2024/2025
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BCBA SAFMEDSApplied Behavior Analysis (ABA) - ANSThe science in which tactics derived from the principles
of behavior are applied to improve socially significant behavior and experimentation is used to
identify the variables responsible for the improvement in behavior.
Behaviorism - ANSThe philosophy of science of behavior; there are various forms of
behaviorism.
Determinism - ANSThe assumption that the universe is lawful and orderly place in which
phenomena occur in relation to other events and not in a willy-nilly, accidental fashion.
Empiricism - ANSThe objective observation of the phenomena of interest; objective
observations are "independent of the individual prejudices, tastes, and private opinions of the
scientist... Results of empirical methods are objective in that they are open to anyone's
observation and do not depend on the subjective belief of the individual scientist.
Experiment - ANSA carefully controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of
interest (the dependent variable) under two of more different conditions in which only one factor
at a time (independent variable) differs from one condition to another.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) - ANSA natural science approach to the study of
behavior as a subject matter in its own right founded by B.F. Skinner; methodological features
include rate of response as a basic dependent variable, repeated or continuous measurement of
clearly defined response class, within-subject experimental comparisons instead of a group
design, visual analysis of graphed data instead of statistical inference, and an emphasis on
describing functional relations between behavior and controlling variables in the environment
over formal theory testing.
Explanatory Fiction - ANSA fictitious or hypothetical variable that other takes the form of another
name for the observed phenomenon it claims to explain and contributes nothing to a functional
account or understand of the phenomenon, such as "intelligence" or "cognitive awareness" as
explanations for why an organism pushes the level when the light is on and food is available but
does not push the level when the light is off and no food is available.
Functional Relation - ANSA verbal statement summarizing the results of an experiment (or
group of related experiments) that describes the occurrence of the phenomena under study as a
function of the operation of one or more specified and controlled variables in the experiment in
which a specific change in one event (the dependent variable) can be produced by manipulating
another event (the independent variable), and that the change in the dependent variable was
unlikely the result of other factors (confounding variables); in behavior analysis expressed as
,b=f (x1), (x2)... where b is the behavior and x1, x2, etc... are environmental variables of which
the behavior is a function.
Hypothetical Construct - ANSA presumed but unobserved process or entity (e.g) Freud's id,
ego, and superego)
Mentalism - ANSAn approach to explaining behavior that assumes that a mental, or "inner,"
dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension
either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behaviors, if not all.
Methodological Behaviorism - ANSA philosophical position that views behavioral events that
cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science.
Parsimony - ANSThe practice of ruling out simple, logical explanations, experimentally or
conceptually, before considering more complex or abstract explanations.
Philosophic Doubt - ANSAn attitude that the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory
knowledge should be continually questioned.
Radical Behaviorism - ANSA thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all
human behaviors, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling
variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phlogeny).
Replication - ANS(a) Repeating conditions within an experiment to determine the reliability of
effects and increase internal validity (see baseline logic, prediction, verification.) (b) Repeating
whole experiments to determine the generality of findings of previous experiments to other
subjects, settings, and/or behaviors (see direct replication, external validity, systematic
replication).
Science - ANSA systematic approach to the understanding of natural phenomena (as evidenced
by description, prediction, and control) that relies on determinism as it fundamental assumption,
empiricism as its primary rule, experimental as its basic strategy, replication as a requirement for
believability, parsimony as a value, and philosophic doubt as its guiding conscience.
Clicker training - ANSReinforcement is paired with the sound of a clicker until the sound of the
clicker becomes a conditioned reinforcer, which is then used to shape behavior.
Differential reinforcement - ANSA procedure in which reinforcement is provided only for
responses that meet a predetermined criterion.
Response differentiation - ANSOccurs when differential reinforcement is applied to a response
class. Responses that obtain reinforcement form a new response class.
, Shaping - ANSThe process of systematically and differentially reinforcing successive
approximations to a terminal behavior.
Successive approximation - ANSGradually changing the criterion for a response to become
closer to the terminal response.
Antecedent intervention - ANSA behavior change strategy that manipulates
contingency-independent antecedent stimuli (motivating operations) such as NCR, high-p
request sequence, FCT, enriched environment.
Behavioral momentum - ANSUsed to describe the high-p request procedure.
Fixed-time schedule (FT) - ANSAn NCR procedure in which the stimuli are delivered at the end
of a fixed amount of time.
Functional communication training (FCT) - ANSEstablishes an appropriate communicative
behavior to compete with problem behaviors evoked by an establishing operation. FCT
develops alternative behaviors that are sensitive to EOs.
High-probability (high-p) request sequence - ANSThe instructor presents a series of easy to
follow requests for which the participant has a history of compliance. When the participant
complies with the sequence of requests, the instructor immediately gives the target request (a
low-p request).
Variable-time schedule (VT) - ANSAn NCR procedure in which the stimuli are delivered at the
end of a varying amount of time
Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR) - ANSAn antecedent intervention in which stimuli with
known reinforcing properties are delivered on a fixed-time or variable-time schedule,
independent of the learner's behavior, in order to reduce problem behavior.
Audience - ANSA discriminative stimulus in the presence of which verbal behavior is
characteristically reinforced.
Autoclitic - ANSInvolves two related but separate three-term contingencies in which some
aspect of a speaker's own verbal behavior functions as an SD or MO for additional speaker
verbal behavior.
Automatic punishment - ANSPunishment that is not socially mediated.
Automatic reinforcement - ANSReinforcement that is not socially mediated.
Collateral responses - ANSPublicly observable behaviors that reliably occur with private stimuli.
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