Philosophical assumptions of behavior analysis include - ANS- Determinism (lawfulness of
behavior
- experimentation
- empiricism
- parsimony
- philosophical doubt
- replication
- selectionism
Determinism (Lawfulness of behaivor) - ANSAll events have causes and occur lawfully as a
result of other events
Experimentation - ANSSystematic manipulation of an IV, measurement of DV, and analysis of
their relationship
- Requires control over extraneous variables
- Is an evaluation of the cause of one event by other event(s)
- Ideally requires that all variables be controlled except the dependent variable
Factors under investigation are systematically controlled while effects on the dependent variable
are measured. Extraneous or confounding variables must be properly controlled. Measuring
correlations between one event and another is NOT experimentation.
The systematic arranging of events so as to determine their influence on certain phenomena.
- Involves arranging events to evaluate their influence on phenomena
- Is one of the philosophical foundations of behavior analysis.
Parsimony - ANSWhen multiple explanations for a phenomenon are available, select the
simplest
Philosophic Doubt - ANSQuestioning what is regarded as fact; willingness to abandon beliefs in
light of new data
Replication - ANSIncreased credibility of data results from duplication of the same study or
similar studies
Selectionism - ANSFeatures and behaviors are "selected" throughout an organism's lifetime
(i.e., operant) or over the history of the species (i.e., evolution) as a function of consequences
Lawfulness - ANSIf given perfect experimental control, you would always get the same results.
This lawfulness (or consistency) in nature supports the assumption that behavioral phenomena
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