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Nursing A Concept Based Approach to Learning 3rd Edition Pearson Education
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Test Bank: Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning 3rd Edition by Pearson Education - Ch. 1-21, 9780134616803, with Rationales
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Test Bank For Nursing A Concept Based Approach to Learning3rd Edition Pearson Education | 9780134616803 | All Chapters
with Answers and Rationals
The hypothalamus releases GnRh which does what? - ANSWER: - Stimulates the anterior pituitary
gland to release FSH and LH
What is the primary action of FSH? - ANSWER: - Primarily responsible for maturation of the ovarian
follicle
As the follicle matures LH levels increase. What does LH do? - ANSWER: - Triggers ovulation and
development of the corpus luteum
What is ovulation? - ANSWER: - It is one phase of the reproductive cycle in which a mature ovarian
follicle breaks open and releases an ovum (egg) from the ovary.
Where does estrogen come from and what does it do? - ANSWER: - Secreted by the ovary
- It suppresses FSH and stimulates LH, thus facilitating follicular rupture
- Aides in the proliferation phase of the endometrium
- Stimulates contraction of the fallopian tubes and uterus
Where does Progesterone come from? - ANSWER: - It is secreted by the Corpus Luteum
What is the Corpus luteum? - ANSWER: - A structure that forms within the ovary after the follicle
ruptures
What is the function of Progesterone? - ANSWER: - Decreases uterine motility and contractility in
preparation for implantation after ovum fertilization.
- Increases nutrient supply to the uterus
- Prepares the breasts for lactation
*known as the hormone of pregnancy because it supports pregnancy
The female reproductive cycle is composed of which two phases? - ANSWER: - The Ovarian cycle
(ovulation)
- Uterine phase (Menstruation)
The Ovarian cycle (Ovulation) is broken into what two phases? - ANSWER: - The Follicular
- The Luteal
What are the key points of the follicular phase? - ANSWER: - It is associated with days 1 - 14
- Stimulated by FSH
- The follicle matures and ruptures on day 14 (ovulation)
- Cervical mucosa thins
What happens to basal body temperature around the time of ovulation? - ANSWER: - The
temperature rises immediately following ovulation and remains elevated until menstruation begins.
Mittelschmerz refers to? - ANSWER: - A midcycle pain associated with ovulation
What are the key points of the Luteal phase? - ANSWER: - Associated with days 14 - 28
- Begins when the ovum leaves the follicle
- After follicle release the corpus luteum develops
- If fertilization dose not occur, the luteum dissolves and a new follicle begins to develop
, What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization occurs? - ANSWER: - Human chorionic
gonadotropin (hCG) is released by the fertilized egg and prevents the degeneration of the luteum
What is fertilization? - ANSWER: - The process by which a sperm fuses with an ovum to form a new
diploid cell
How long can Sperm survive within the female reproductive tract? - ANSWER: - 48-72 hours
How long will the Ovum remain fertile for? - ANSWER: - 12-24 hours
Where does fertilization take place? - ANSWER: - Within the ampulla (ouster third) of the fallopian
tube
Once fertilized, what happens to the ovum? - ANSWER: - The ovum continues to travel down the
fallopian tube and into the uterus
- Within the ovum the fertilized egg begins to multiply
How long does it take the ovum to travel down the fallopian tube and into the uterus? - ANSWER: -
approx. 3 days
What is menstruation? - ANSWER: - A cyclic uterine bleeding (endometrial shedding) in response to
cyclic hormonal changes.
When does Menstruation occur? - ANSWER: - When the ovum is not fertilized
- Begins about 14 days after ovulation in an ideal 28-day cycle.
What factors can affect the menstrual cycle interval? - ANSWER: - Illness
- Fatigue
- Stress / Anxiety
- Vigorous exercise regimens
How long does menstruation typically last? - ANSWER: - 2 to 8 days
What are the four phases of Uterine (menstrual) cycle? - ANSWER: - Menstrual
- Proliferative
- Secretory
- Ischemic
Describe the menstrual phase of the Uterine cycle. - ANSWER: - Menstruation occurs during the
menstrual phase
- Cervical mucosa is scanty, viscous, and opaque
Describe the Proliferative phase of the Uterine cycle. - ANSWER: - The endometrium increases in
thickness as blood vessels and glands enlarge
- Cervical mucosa becomes thin, clear , watery, and alkaline
Describe the Secretory phase of the Uterine cycle. - ANSWER: - Following ovulation, the endometrium
grows and swells producing folds.
- Endometrial glands secrete small quantities of fluid
- Uterine vascularity increases creating a bed for fertilized ovum implantation
Describe the Ischemic phase of the Uterine cycle. - ANSWER: - If fertilization does not occur, the
corpus luteum degenerates, reducing estrogen and progesterone levels
- Vascular changes reduce blood flow to the endometrium
- As the endometrium degenerates the menstrual flow begins.
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