EARTH 106 Exam 1
Core - correct answer made of metal, mainly iron (Fe) & nickel (Ni) has inner and outer parts
Inner core - correct answer solid
Outer core - correct answer more liquid metal
Mantle - correct answer made of rocks, denser and darker, made of oxygen & silicon, richer i...
Core - correct answer ✔✔made of metal, mainly iron (Fe) & nickel (Ni) has inner and outer parts
Inner core - correct answer ✔✔solid
Outer core - correct answer ✔✔more liquid metal
Mantle - correct answer ✔✔made of rocks, denser and darker, made of oxygen & silicon, richer in iron
(Fe) & magnesium (Mg) than those on the crust
Crust - correct answer ✔✔thin, light, outermost layer, made of rocks (less dense and lighter than those
in the mantle) has oceanic and continental
Continental crust - correct answer ✔✔thick (ave 40 km), has low density, rises high above the
supporting mantle rocks, composed of granite (a light colored, lower density igneous rock, rich in
aluminum, silicon, & oxygen)
Oceanic crust - correct answer ✔✔thinner (ave 7kn), has greater density, does not rise as high above the
mantle, composed of basalt (a dark colored higher density volcanic rock, rich in silicon, oxygen, &
magnesium)
Isostacy - correct answer ✔✔a condition of equilibrium that allows materials to float. In our specific
situation, isostasy allows the lithosphere (rigid and solid, like an apple) to float on top of the
asthenosphere (plastic or ductile, like jello). If you remove weight from the lithosphere (by melting that
ice sheet) that area would actually now be lighter and rise up because it needs to displace less
asthenosphere in order to float.
as you move into the center of the Earth temperature and pressure ______ - correct answer
✔✔increase
Asthenosphere - correct answer ✔✔deformable layer of upper mantle
Lower mantle - correct answer ✔✔denser and less deformable
Outer core - correct answer ✔✔dense, viscous liquid (only liquid layer in the planet, because of the very
high temperature)
Inner core - correct answer ✔✔very dense, solid (solid because pressure is so high)
Ways we know what's in the Earth - correct answer ✔✔drilling, seismology, & magnetic field
what's the deepest we've been in the Earth - correct answer ✔✔10603 ft with the Chayvo oil well drilled
by Exxon
Seismology - correct answer ✔✔the study of elastic waves that travel through the Earth
Earthquake - correct answer ✔✔a phenomenon that results from the sudden release of stored energy in
the form of low-frequency waves called seismic waves
What do seismologists use - correct answer ✔✔time & location of arrival at the surface, difference in
arrival time between P- and S- waves, changes in frequency, changes in strength
Earth's Magnetic Field - correct answer ✔✔originates from the movements in the metals within the
outer core which make electrical currents, that produce a magnetic field
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