ALLERGY TESTING AND
IMMUNOTHERAPY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
what're the most common allergens? - ANSWER -pollens
-fungal spores
-house-dust mites, roaches
-animal materials
-insect venoms
-drugs
-latex
-foods
what does a positive allergy test document? - ANSWER *presence of allergen-specific IgE antibody*
dg of allergy can be made only by correlating testing results w the presence of clinical symptoms
what're the indications to undergo allergy testing? - ANSWER -allergic rhinitis
-allergic conjunctivitis
-asthma
-anaphylaxis to: aeroallergens, foods, insect venoms, drugs
how do we do allergy testing (broadly)? - ANSWER *skin testing:*
-skin prick test
-intradermal test
*IgE RAST/ImmunoCAP*
what does allergy skin testing exclude or confirm? - ANSWER IgE-mediated disease
, attempts to detect the presence of allergen-specific IgE bound to mast cells by eliciting mast cell
degranulation to the specific allergen being tested
what's the allergic cascade? - ANSWER -IgE recognizes antigen
-protmotes degranulation of mast cell
-release of histamine
-->stimulates nerve endings to cause itching (3-5 min)
-->causes vasodilation to cause redness (5-10 min)
-release of other mediators: prostaglandins, tryptase, heparin
what causes itching, redness and swelling in allergic reaction? when do these occur? - ANSWER itching =
histamine, in 3-5 min
redness = vasodilation by histamine, in 5-10 min
swelling = endothelial gaping/fluid leakage from prostaglandins, tryptase, heparin
how does RAST goes? - ANSWER -antigen (allergin)
- allergen specific IgE in serum binds
-radioactivity labelled anti-IgE lights up
how does ImmunoCAP work? - ANSWER -IgE specific antibody binds to antigens
-add substance that attaches to enzymes
-those light up
*quantified test*
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