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Biology 114 Exam 1 Prep (Answered) 366 Questions and Correct Answers, 100% Correct (Actual Exam Questions Included) With verified solutions| Latest Update Fall 2024/2025. $13.49   Add to cart

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Biology 114 Exam 1 Prep (Answered) 366 Questions and Correct Answers, 100% Correct (Actual Exam Questions Included) With verified solutions| Latest Update Fall 2024/2025.

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Biology 114 Exam 1 Prep (Answered) 366 Questions and Correct Answers, 100% Correct (Actual Exam Questions Included) With verified solutions| Latest Update Fall 2024/2025.

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Biology 114 Exam 1 Prep (Answered) 366 Questions
and Correct Answers, 100% Correct (Actual Exam
Questions Included) With verified solutions| Latest
Update Fall 2024/2025.
biology

The study of life

organism

Any living thing

matter

anything that takes up space and has mass

Elements

any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions

Compound

a substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio

trace elements

required by an organism in only minute quantities

Elemental deficiencies

inadequate amounts of an essential nutrient causing a health problem

atoms

smallest unit of matter

subatomic particles

protons, neutrons, electrons

Proton

positive charge, in nucleus

neutron

no charge, in nucleus

Electrons

negative charge, have potential energy

,atomic nucleus

consists of protons and neutrons

electron cloud

region around the nucleus that electrons occupy

daltons (Da)

1 Da = mass of 1 proton/neutron

electron shells

An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom.

atomic number

number of protons

atomic mass

Number of protons and neutrons

Isotopes

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

unstable/radioactive isotopes

nucleus decays spontaneously and gives off particles and energy

Electron's state of potential energy is called

energy level or electron shell

the more distant an electron is from the nucleus of an atom, the greater its ...

potential energy

1st electron shell

max of 2 electrons

2nd electron shell

max of 8 electrons

3rd electron shell

max of 8 electrons

valence electrons

electrons in the outermost shell

Move toward a full valence shell by

, - adding electrons to the outer shell
- losing electrons
- sharing electrons in the outer shell

chemical bonds

when two atoms share valence electrons resulting in them being held together by this attraction

fewer valence electrons =

less stable and more likely to react

covalent bonds

strong bonds resulting from the sharing of electrons

nonpolar

equal sharing of electrons

polar

not equal sharing of electrons

ionic bonds

bonds resulting from loss and gain of electrons; more EN atom strips a valence electron from the other
atom

hydrogen bonds

weak bonds formed between a hydrogen atom and a polar compound

van der Waals force

very weak bonds resulting from transient shifting of charges created by the constant movement of
electrons

structural formula

H-H

molecular formula

H2

Lewis dot (shows valence electron distribution)

H:H

single bond

covalent bond; sharing of one pair of valence electrons

double bond

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