Exam (elaborations)
NUR968 Pulmonary Physiology Part 1 Test With Complete Solution
- Course
- Institution
NUR968 Pulmonary Physiology Part 1 Test With Complete Solution...
[Show more]
Content preview
NUR968 Pulmonary Physiology Part 1Test With Complete Solution
Why is the mediastinum slightly displaced to the left? - ANSWER Because of
the heart
True or false: The left lung represents 45% of total lung volume & the right
lung represents 55% of total lung volume - ANSWER True
Anatomically, the mediastinum contains all chest structures EXCEPT what? -
ANSWER Except the lungs
Where are the lungs located? - ANSWER In the pleural cavity
Are the lungs attached to the chest wall? - ANSWER No, the lungs are not
attached to the chest wall & in fact, float within the chest cavity
What is the only area where the lungs are in a "fixed" position? - ANSWER
The hilum
Mediastinum - Anesthetic Significance:
In blunt force trauma, the mediastinal & pleural structures continue to travel
until they are forced to stop. Because the hilum is a fixed structure, this is
often a point where __ occur (aorta, pulmonary vessels, vena cava, bronchi) -
ANSWER Tears
What keeps the lungs inflated? - ANSWER The pleura
"The glue"
What does the pleura do? - ANSWER Protect & cushion the lungs
,Two thin linings or membranes that do this
What is the pleural lining that covers the lungs? - ANSWER Visceral pleura
What is the pleural lining that covers the chest wall? - ANSWER Parietal
pleura
Between the two pleural linings there is a small amount (a few mL) of fluid.
What does this do? - ANSWER It lubricates the surface of the linings
-So the two surfaces glide smoothly over one another (decreases friction &
inflammation)
-The lungs are thus held in place in the thoracic cavity & yet can move freely
What does intrapleural pressure refer to? What is another name for it? -
ANSWER Refers to the pressure inside the pleural cavity
-Also known as the intrathoracic pressure
Is normal breathing negative or positive pressure? - ANSWER Negative
pressure
In normal, quiet breathing, this pressure is slightly below atmospheric
pressure
What are the 3 things that contribute to the negative intrathoracic pressure?
- ANSWER 1. The elasticity of the lungs
2. The elasticity of the thoracic cavity
3. The surface tension created by alveolar fluid
When there is a breach in the pleural space & AIR accumulates, what is this
called? What about when BLOOD accumulates? - ANSWER Air =
,Pneumothorax
Blood = Hemothorax
What zones are the lungs divided into? (2) - ANSWER 1. Conducting zone
2. Respiratory zone
Is the conducting zone involved in air exchange with the blood? - ANSWER
No
Carries air but is not involved in air exchange with blood
What structures does the conducting zone include? These contain what? (3) -
ANSWER Includes the trachea, bronchi & bronchioles
Contain:
1. Cilia
2. Cartilage (not the bronchioles)
3. Smooth muscle
Is the respiratory zone involved in air exchange with the blood? - ANSWER
Yes
Exchange O2 & CO2 here
What structures does the respiratory zone include? These contain what? (3) -
ANSWER Includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveolar sacs
Contain:
1. Alveolar ducts & alveolar sacs have no cilia (respiratory bronchioles do)
2. No cartilage
, 3. Bronchioles & alveolar ducts have some smooth muscle (alveolar sacs do
not)
What does cartilage do? - ANSWER Helps prevent tracheal/bronchial collapse
So why is the respiratory zone more prone to smooth muscle constriction &
collapse? - ANSWER Since it lacks cartilage
General Anatomy - Lung Tissue
Type: Conductive
Function: Bulk gas movement
Structure: __ to __ - ANSWER Type: Conductive
Function: Bulk gas movement
Structure: Trachea to terminal bronchioles
General Anatomy - Lung Tissue
Type: Transitional
Function: Bulk gas movement
Structure: __ - ANSWER Type: Transitional
Function: Bulk gas movement
Structure: Respiratory bronchioles
General Anatomy - Lung Tissue
Type: Transitional
Function: Limited gas exchange
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Smooth. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78252 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now