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Med-Surg Test #1 (Respiratory) questions with correct answers.
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Med-Surg Test #1 (Respiratory)questions with correct answers.
A nurse is auscultating the lung sounds of a client who came to the clinic for a physical exam. There is
not any history of lung disease. What should the nurse expect to hear?
a. adventitious breath sounds
b. bronchial breath sounds
c. bronchovesicular breath sounds
d. vesicular breath sounds ANS - answer: c
rationale: the nurse auscultates breath sounds from side to side, moving from the upper to the lower
chest. They listen anteriorly, laterally, and posteriorly. Normal breath sounds include bronchovesicular
sounds.
A client comes to the doctor's office describing shortness of breath and strange breath sounds when
inhaling deeply. Upon auscultation of the lung fields, sibilant wheezes are noted. Which of the following
statements by the nurse most correct?
a. "Wheezes result from air passing through narrowed passages."
b. "Wheezes result from air escaping through a pneumothorax."
c. "Wheezes result from air collecting in the pleural cavity."
d. "Wheezes result from air between visceral and parietal pleurae." ANS - answer: a
ratioanle: wheezes may be sibilant (hissing/whistling) or sonorous (full and deep). Sibilant wheezes
(formerly called wheezes) are continuous musical sounds that can be heard during inspiration and
expiration; and result from air passing through narrowed or partially obstructed air passages and are
heard in clients with increased secretions.
A nurse needs to obtain a sputum specimen from an adult client. Which nursing action will best facilitate
obtaining the specimen?
a. ask the client to spit into the collection container
,b. have the client take deep breaths
c. restrict the client's fluids
d. wait until after the client has eaten to get the specimen. ANS - answer: b
rationale: collecting a sputum specimen have the client rinse their mouth with tap water; instruct the
client to take several deep breaths, cough forcefully, and expectorate into the container.
The nurse is giving instructions to a client having pulmonary angiography. Which of the following
statements is the best evidence that the client understands the nurse's instructions about what will take
place during the diagnostic procedure? Select all that apply.
a. "I may feel some pressure at the site."
b. "I may have bleeding at the site following the procedure."
c. "I will not be allowed to cough after the procedure."
d. "I will sense a warm, flushed feeling and an urge to cough when the dye is injected." ANS - answer:
a,d
rationale: during pulmonary angiograpy, the nurse obtains data about the client's level of anxiety and
knowledge of the procedure. The nurse provides explanations and reinforces the client's understanding.
The client will experience a feeling of pressure on catheter insertion. When the contrast medium is
infused, the client will sense a warm, flushed feeling and an urge to cough.
When caring for a client having a lung scan, which of the following nursing interventions is most
important during the procedure?
a. reassure the client about the amount of radiation from the procedure.
b. coach the client to hold his or her breath at times during the procedure
c.administer sedative or narcotic as per orders before the procedure
d. aid the client to rest arms and head on a pillow during the procedure. ANS - answer: a
rationale: the client must receive adequate explanations before the procedure to reduce anxiety. The
nurse must reassure the client that the amount of radiation from this procedure is less than that used
during a chest x-ray.
, Movement of air into and out of the lungs sufficient to maintain normal arterial oxygen and carbon
dioxide tensions is termed what?
a. perfusion
b. ventilation
c. diffusion
d. inspiration ANS - answer: b
rationale: ventilation is the actual movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract. This process
requires a patent airway and intact and functioning respiratory muscles.
While conducting the physical examination during assessment of the respiratory system, which of the
following would describe lung sounds produced by air movement through the trachea and are loud with
long expiration?
a. bronchovesicular sounds
b. bronchial sounds
c. sonorous wheezes
d. vesicular sounds ANS - answer: b
rationale: normal bronchial lung sounds are auscultated over the trachea and are loud with long
expiration.
The physician orders arterial blood gases (ABGs) to determine various factors related to blood
oxygenation on a patient who presents in respiratory distress. What site can ABGs be obtained from?
a. a puncture in the raidal artery
b. the trachea and bronchi
c. a swab from the nasopharynx
d. an intravenous catheter in the arm vein ANS - answer: a
rationale: ABGs determine the blood's ph; oxygen-carrying capacity; and levels of: oxygen, carbon
dioxide, and bicarbonate ion. Blood gas samples are obtained through an arterial puncture at the radial,
brachial, or femoral artery.
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