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ExRx CV testing and prescription questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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ExRx CV testing and prescription questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
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ExRx CV testing and prescriptionhealth related physical fitness components
1. cardiovascular endurance
2. body composition
3. muscular strength
4. muscular endurance
5. flexibility
purpose for health-related physical fitness tests
*not just for CV fitness testing but all health-related physical fitness tests. 4-fold.
1. good opportunity to educate participants about their health/fitness status compared to age-
and sex-matched norms: better able to identify current level of physical activity and classify
individuals based on this as low, high, pro.
2. provide data for ExRx development to address health/fitness components: if don't know
current level of physical activity can overshoot or undershoot ExRx.
3. allow evaluation of progress: gives you a baseline measure to lay foundation on. good
opportunity to build from here. if use same tests for follow-up then can determine if what you
prescribed is working or if need to make changes to get stimulus response you need.
4. motivate participants using reasonable and attainable health/fitness goals: helps to
encourage exercise longevity by setting goals. start at bench 100 pounds and 6 week slater at
220.. shows progress.
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relationship between relative risk for all cause mortality(chance of death), BF% and training
status
-unfit samples in study have elevated risk of all cause mortality (chance of death) compared to
fit individuals. and the elevated risk due to inactivity is much greater than the increase in risk
due to BF%.
-risk is almost twice as high for unfit individuals compared to fit individuals across all BF%.
-ex. fit obese person has lower risk of all cause mortality than unfit obese person.
**fitness is more indicative of risk of all cause mortality than BF%!
Why test the cardiorespiratory system?
*3-fold
1. Aerobic fitness is related to CHD and all-cause mortality: cardiovascular endurance is
health-related fitness component most closely related to CVD and CVD most closely related to
all-cause mortality. cardiovascular health and fitness msot closely related to all-cause mortality
of all 5 health-related fitness components
2. Related to physical activity performance : cardiovascular health and fitness msot closely
related to the ability to be physicaly activity/and performance in that physical acitivity and ability
to complete ADL's ( cardiovascular endurance msot important of the 5 health-related physcial
fitness components and needed to complete ADL's).
3. marker of aerobic exercise program compliance: if see no improvement in test while doing
follow-up tests in duration of program either over/under prescribe exercise or have lack of
compliance in a subject to the program prescribed
history of the treadmill and CV testing
-developed a treadwheel (combo of stairmaster and treadmill) in 1818.
-designed originally to reform lazy convicts/prisoners (torture them) and was sued to pump
water and crush grain.
-convicts worked in 8 hours shifts (imagine doing stairmaster for 8 hours)
-in the late 19th century discover prisoners not able to sustain 8 hours of treadwheel and
deemed it cruel and unusual punishment. also found out it was more efficient to actually pump
the water and crush grain not on treadwheel.
modalities for cardiorespiratory fitness testing
-can test humans on cycle ergometer, rowing ergometer, swimming pool.
-measure CO2 expired and calculate O2 inspired while increasing speed and get indication of
oxygen consumption
, different animals can do cardiorespiratory testing on
-horse: put on treadmill with some sort of mask and collect the same thing (O2 inspire and CO2
expire). 150-180 ml/kg/min (high because big horse nad big legs)
-birds: put in wind tunnel snd fly against certian wind speed with speed flying againts increasing
as you go. if go to volitional fatigue where can't keep flying so bird would et slammed against
turbine of never be true VO2max
-sheep: treadmill
-siberian husky/sled dog: treadmill. 240 ml/kg/min. designed to run and by far has the best
cardiorespiratory endurance
highest VO2max recorded by human
-94-96 ml/kg/min
*cross country skiers and cyclers typically hav unusually high VO2 max
types of cardiorespiratory fitness testing (the What?)
1. Maximal test
-criterion measure/gold standard to indicate cardiorespiratory fitness
-collect expired gas until volitional fatigue (voluntary fatigue where can't go any longer)
-expensive equipment (not cheap $10,000 for metabolic cart)
-not appropriate for all populations (some individuals have no benefit of exercise to volition and
may only have cons)
-(want person to go to max oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production)
2. submaximal test
-collect relevant physiological data to estimate/predict VO2 max
-cheaper, faster test: can be a 1 mile walk test where collect data and then predict VO2max
-population-specific protocols (different tests for age-related considerations)
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