Bio 169 exam 4 Prep (Answered) 280 Questions and Correct
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Which of the following is not part of a nephron
collecting duct
The micturition reflex is initiated by the
stretching of the walls of the urinary bladder
As ADH production declines
Urine volume increases
A patient enters a hospital after a motorcycle accident. He complains of mid-back pain. X-rays reveal
both rib and pelvic fractures. His emergency room examination includes urinalysis. Which of the
following findings from the urinalysis would most likely suggest trauma to the kidneys from the
accident, but not to the urinary bladder?
albuminuria
Tubular load refers to the amount of a given substance that
passes through the filtration membrane into the nephron each minute.
Urea and mannitol are examples of which of the following types of diuretics?
osmotic diuretics
Which of the following ions are cotransported across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal
convoluted tubule, and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
sodium & chloride
Drug companies use which of the following to help them calculate the duration of action of a
medication?
plasma clearance
Renal blood flow per minute can be calculated if you know the clearance calculation for _______ as
well as the persons hematocrit
PAH
The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when
ADH production increases
An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the
,glomerulus
When ADH binds to receptor sites on distal convoluted tubule cells
the distal convoluted tubule is more permeable to water.
The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the
glomerular filtration rate
Total saturation of protein transporters for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in
__________.
appearance of that solute in the urine
The mechanism for concentration of urine is called the _______ mechanism
countercurrent
Urea
Consumption of alcohol increases urine production by
inhibiting the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary
Which of the following events would increase filtration pressure
constriction of the efferent arteriole
Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause
an increase in urine volume
Which of the following would help maintain the medullary concentration gradient
urea movement from the collecting duct to medullary interstitial fluid
The urinary bladder
stores urine
The inner layer of Bowman capsule consists of specialized cells called
podocytes
The pores of the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called
fenestrae
Urine drains from the nephron into the calyces through the
collecting duct
To calculate plasma clearance of any substance, it is necessary to know the
, Arrange the following in the correct order
1) cotransport molecule binds to Na+ and glucose
2) establish Na+ concentration gradient between tubular cells and tubular lumen
3) sodium and glucose moved into tubular cell
4) active transport of Na+ from tubular cells to interstitial area
Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while
allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?
collecting duct
The collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules
vary in their permeability to water relative to the amounts of ADH present.
When Na+ is actively transported from tubular cells to the interstitial fluid,
Na+ concentration gradient is established between the tubule lumen and tubule cell.
Some lung cancers secrete large amounts of ADH. This causes increased water reabsorption in the
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
The filtration membrane consists of the
Aldosterone exerts its effect on the kidney tubules by
increasing the synthesis of the transport proteins for sodium
Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate
vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
If the following hypothetical conditions exist in the nephron, calculate the net filtration pressure.
glomerular capillary pressure = 80 mmHg
blood colloid osmotic pressure = 20 mmHg
capsular hydrostatic pressure = 10 mmHg
50 mmHg
Auto-regulation in the kidney involved changes in the degree of _______
Urine concentration and volume depend on water reabsorption in the
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
Potassium ions enter the lumen of the ______ by the process of active transport
distal tubule
Urine flows through the ureters to the bladder as the result of
peristaltic contractions
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