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BIO 446L Unit 1 Test Questions and Correct Answers $8.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

BIO 446L Unit 1 Test Questions and Correct Answers

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  • Course
  • BIO 446
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  • BIO 446

Cell Basic structure and functional unit of multicellular organisms Some are specialized Divided into to major compartments: cytoplasm and nucleus Have intracellular organelles Shape determined by cytoplasmic skeleton Organelles Plasma Membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Ap...

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  • August 15, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • BIO 446
  • BIO 446
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BIO 446L Unit 1 Test Questions and
Correct Answers
Cell ✅Basic structure and functional unit of multicellular organisms
Some are specialized
Divided into to major compartments: cytoplasm and nucleus
Have intracellular organelles
Shape determined by cytoplasmic skeleton

Organelles ✅Plasma Membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Secretory Vesicles or Granules

Plasma Membrane ✅Lipid bilayer
Proteins: integral, transmembrane, peripheral
Has carbohydrates and lipids to form coat (glycocalyx)
Lipid rafts in membrane

Transport ✅Some substances cross by simple diffusion
Other cross in vesicles
Endocytosis: substance enters a cell
Exocytosis: Substance leaves a cell
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Communication ✅Specialized intercellular junctions
Endocrine signaling: hormones
Paracrine signaling: nearby cells
Synaptic signaling: neurotransmitters

Mitochondria ✅Generate ATP
All cells except RBC and terminal keratinocytes
More abundant in cells that use large amounts of energy

Ribosomes ✅Assemble polypeptides
Bound send proteins outside cells
Free send proteins within cell

RER ✅Synthesizes proteins

, SER ✅Synthesizes lipids
Detoxifies

Golgi ✅Transports proteins and modifies and packages them from RER

Microtubules ✅Grow from nucleus to periphery of cell
Connections within cells
Guide vesicles

Microfilaments ✅Actin
Bundled
Anchorage and movement of membrane proteins
Form core of microvilli
Movement of cells

Intermediate filaments ✅Support and structure
Keratin (epithelial cells)
Vimentin (mesoderm-derived cells like muscle, glial)
Neurofilaments (neurons)
Lamins (in nucleus of cells)

Nucleus ✅Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Nucleolus: (rRNA synthesis)
Nucleoplasm

Epithelium ✅Close packed cells
Continuous sheets of single (simple) or multiple (stratified) cells
Free surface
Basal lamina (basement membrane)
Avascular
Nerve supply
High capacity for renewal

Epithelium functions ✅Mechanical protection
Absorption
Secretion of materials
Lubrication of surfaces
Surface of diffusion
Transportation
Excretion
Reception
Reproduction

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