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Child Development - Week 1 Questions And Answers With 100% Correct Answers Latest Update 2024/2025.

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  • Child Development And Guidance

Child Development - Week 1 Questions And Answers With 100% Correct Answers Latest Update 2024/2025.

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  • August 15, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Child development and guidance
  • Child development and guidance
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Amazingsirpaul
Child Development - Week 1 Questions And Answers
With 100% Correct Answers Latest Update 2024/2025.
Name developmental factors - ANSWER neighbourhood, parents and family, peers, guidance
received, individual differences

The biological perspective says that - ANSWER development is rooted in biology. Environment
does not play a factor

Maturational theory - ANSWER development reflects a specific and pre-arranged scheme or
plan within the body (biology alone)

Ethological theory - ANSWER one inherits adaptive behaviours and learning occurs but only at
certain stages

Critical period - ANSWER the time when a specific type of learning can take place. Before or
after this period causes learning to be difficult or even impossible

What are the two critical periods scientists argue? - ANSWER Before puberty, before the age of
2

3 Freud Terms - ANSWER ID, Ego, Superego

ID - ANSWER primitive instincts and drives

When does the ID emerge? - ANSWER at birth

Ego - ANSWER practical, rational

ego arises when - ANSWER in the first year of life

superego - ANSWER moral agent

when does the superego evolve - ANSWER preschool

oral fixation stage - ANSWER 0-2. Child is exploring the world through their mouth

anal fixation stage - ANSWER 2-3. child learns independence via potty training

phallic fixation stage - ANSWER 3-5. Exploring genital area

Latency fixation stage - ANSWER 5-puberty. Dominant sexual feelings

Genital fixation stage - ANSWER Puberty-adulthood. Exploring others and childs own sexual
drives

Erikson's psychological theory - ANSWER development is comprised of a sequence of stages.
Each defined by a unique crisis or challenge

true or false: you will not fully go through Erikson's stages of development - ANSWER false you
will

, Erikson's stages: birth-1 year - ANSWER basic trust of caregiver or mistrust

Erikson's stages: 1-3 year - ANSWER autonomy vs. shame and self-doubt

Erikson's stages: 3-6 year - ANSWER initiative vs guilt

Erikson's stages: 6 years to teen - ANSWER industry vs inferiority

Erikson's stages: adolescence - ANSWER identity vs. identity confusion

young adulthood - ANSWER intimacy vs. isolation

Erikson's stages: middle adulthood - ANSWER generativity vs stagnation

Erikson's stages: late life - ANSWER integrity vs despair

true/false: biology is considered in the learning perspective - ANSWER false

learning perspective - ANSWER children are considered to be blank slates. What they learn will
determine their outcome

positive reinforcement - ANSWER giving a child a reward for good behaviour

positive punishment - ANSWER giving a child an extra chore for bad behaviour

negative reinforcement - ANSWER stop nagging when child starts engaging in good behaviour

negative punishment - ANSWER taking away privilege for bad behaviour

cognitive perspective - ANSWER children's thinking changes as they grow

contextual perspective - ANSWER development is influences by immediate and more distant
environments - culture is a big one

3 aspects of contextual perspective - ANSWER family, country and generation

Vygotsky's theory of contextual - ANSWER the fundamental aim of all societies is to enable
children to acquire essential cultural values and skills

Brofenbrenner's theory - ANSWER there is an individual in the middle and is directly and
indirectly affected by many systems

order of ecological systems - ANSWER microsystem - mesosystem - exosystem - macrosystem -
chronosystem

microsystem - ANSWER people and objects in an individual's immediate environment (family)

mesosystem - ANSWER microsystems affecting one another (school affecting neighbourhood)

exosystem - ANSWER social systems that child might not experience first-hand (parents
workplace

macrosystem - ANSWER cultures and subcultures in which the other systems are embedded
(culture of mother's coworker)

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