Advanced Pharmacology Questions
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A nurse is caring for an infant after a surgical procedure. After ensuring
that the ordered dose is appropriate for the infant's age and weight, the
nurse administers a narcotic analgesic intravenously. When assessing the
infant 15 minutes later, the nurse notes respirations of 22 breaths/minute
and a heart rate of 110 beats/minute. The infant is asleep in the parent's
arms and does not awaken when vital signs are assessed. The nurse
understands that these findings are the result of:
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→immaturity of the blood-brain barrier in the
infant.
A child will receive 750 mg of an antibiotic for 10 days. The child
attends day care. The drug may be dosed in several ways and is available
in two concentrations. Which dosing regimen will the nurse discuss with
the child's provider? ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→500 mg/5 mL to 375
mg PO twice daily
Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with
sedative side effects is not recommended for infants. Which response by
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the nurse is correct? ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"Infants are more
susceptible to central nervous system effects than are adults."
A nurse caring for a 5-year-old child notes that the child has
discoloration of several teeth. When taking a medication history, the
nurse will ask about which group of medications?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Tetracyclines
An infant has allergies and often develops a pruritic rash when exposed
to allergens. The infant's parents ask the nurse about using a topical
antihistamine. What should the nurse tell them?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Applying an antihistamine to the skin can
cause toxicity in this age group.
An infant is receiving a medication that has a narrow therapeutic range.
The nurse reviews the medication information and learns that the drug is
excreted by the kidneys. When giving the medication, the nurse will
assess the infant for: ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→signs of drug toxicity.
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students to calculate medication
doses for children using a formula based on body surface area. Which
statement by a nursing student indicates understanding of the teaching?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"This formula helps approximate the first
dose; other doses should be based on clinical observations."
A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication
administration in children. Which statement by a student indicates an
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understanding of the teaching? ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"Drugs
effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is
proportional for weight and size."
A nurse is teaching nursing students about pediatric medication
administration. What will the nurse include when discussing pediatric
drug research? ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Studies showed a significant
percentage of unanticipated and potentially lethal side effects in
children.
A prescriber has ordered medication for a newborn. The medication is
eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism. The nurse expects the
prescriber to: ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→order a dose that is lower than
an adult dose.
The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child can not
use oral corticosteroids more often, because they are so effective. The
nurse will offer which information that is true for children?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Chronic steroid use can inhibit growth.
A patient with schizophrenia receives a dose of risperidone [Risperdal
Consta] IM. The nurse teaching this patient about this medication will
make which statement? ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"You will need to
take an oral antipsychotic drug for 3 weeks."
A patient with schizophrenia shows suicidal behaviors, and the provider
orders clozapine [Clozaril]. The nurse teaches the family about the
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medication and its side effects. Which statement by a family member
indicates a need for further teaching about this drug?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"If the ANC is less than 3000, the drug will
be discontinued permanently."
A patient in whom drug therapy has failed several times in the past is
readmitted to a hospital to begin therapy for schizophrenia. What will
the nurse do to help improve adherence?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Teach the patient about drug side effects
and how to manage them.
A nurse provides teaching for a patient about to begin taking an FGA
drug for schizophrenia. Which statement by the patient indicates a need
for further teaching about side effects of these drugs?
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→"Dry mouth and constipation are
uncommon with this medication."
A patient taking an FGA medication develops severe parkinsonism and
is treated with amantadine [Symmetrel]. The amantadine is withdrawn 2
months later, and the parkinsonism returns. The nurse will expect the
provider to: ✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→try a second-generation
antipsychotic (SGA).
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia? Select all that apply.
✔️✔️✔️✔️ANSWER→Poor judgment
Poor self-care
Poverty of speech
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