Exam (elaborations)
DEP 2004 Exam 3 Questions and Answers
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Exam of 21 pages for the course DEP 2004 at DEP 2004
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DEP 2004 Exam 3 Questions andAnswers
Two types of physical development that occurs during puberty?
✓ ~~~ - Dramatic increases in height, weight, and changes in body's fat and muscle
content
- Changes in the reproductive organs that mark sexual maturity, as well as
secondary sexual characteristics (body and facial hair, growth of breasts)
What should we expect during adolescence regarding brain development?
✓ ~~~ - By the beginning of adolescence, the brain is 95% of adult size and weight
- Myelination and synaptic pruning are nearly complete
- Not all brain regions reach maturity:
--> Brain systems sensitive to reward reach maturity
--> Brain systems responsible for self-control are not fully specialized until adulthood
Physical growth during puberty
✓ ~~~ During the adolescent growth spurt, females gain as much as 15 pounds a year and
boys 17 pounds
-Body parts do not mature at the same rate
-Body fat increases, more so for girls
-Muscle fibers become thicker and denser; heart and lung capacity increase, more
so for boys
What are primary sex characteristics?
, ✓ ~~~ organs of reproduction
What are secondary sex characteristics?
✓ ~~~ denote physical signs of maturity not directly linked to reproduction
What is menarche?
✓ ~~~ onset of menstruation in girls
What is spermarche?
✓ ~~~ the first spontaneous ejaculation of sperm-containing fluid
When is the onset of puberty in males?
✓ ~~~ Early maturer: 11 (boys)
Late maturer: 15-16 (boys)
When is the onset of puberty in females?
✓ ~~~ Early maturer: 9 (girls)
Late maturer: 14-15 (girls)
What is the strong predictor letting us know about time of menarche?
✓ ~~~ - A daughter's age at menarche relates to her mother's age at menarche
- Menarche occurs earlier in countries or SES levels where nutrition and healthcare
are better
- Girls start menarche earlier when stressed (e.g., when mothers had harshly
punished them or had stressful relationships themselves)
, What are we going to see regarding spermarche?
✓ ~~~ - Less is known about boys' reactions to spermarche
- Feel more positively if prepared for it (e.g., by reading)
- Rarely tell parents and friends
What are the negative consequence regarding early maturation for girls?
✓ ~~~ Early maturation's effects on girls' sexual activity varies among U.S. ethnic groups
lack self-confidence, less popular, more likely to be depressed and have behavior
problems
pressured into sex early and become mothers while still teenagers (Poverty)
What are the negative consequences regarding early maturation for boys?
✓ ~~~ Early-maturing boys are at risk for psychological disorders such as depression; they
are also more prone to substance abuse and to sexual activity. Because they spend more
time with older boys and more exposed to risky behavior
Are there any consequences for late maturing girls?
✓ ~~~ Late-maturing girls fare well
Are there any consequences for late maturing boys?
✓ ~~~ Late-maturing boys are at somewhat greater risk for depression
About what percent of adolescents are overweight?
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