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NBDHE Medical Conditions Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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NBDHE Medical Conditions Detailed Questions and Expert Answers
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NBDHE Medical Conditions Detailed Questionsand Expert Answers
ASA I - ANS Normal healthy patient
ASA II - ANS Patient with mild systemic conditions:
-allergies
-controlled hypertension
-asthma
-diabetes without systemic effects
-cigarette smoking WITHOUT chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
-BMI of 30-39
-Pregnancy with NO other systemic conditions
ASA III - ANS Patient with severe systemic diseases and some functional limitation
-Controlled disease of more than one body system
-controlled congestive heart failure (CHF)
-stable angina
-poorly controlled hypertension
-morbid obesity
-chronic renal failure
-Respiratory problems (COPD)
,-BMI 40+
ASA IV - ANS Patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
-Possible risk of death
-unstable angina
-symptomatic COPD
-symptomatic CHF
-Hepatorenal failure
ASA V - ANS Moribund patient not expected to survive for more than 24 hours
without surgery
ASA VI - ANS Brain-dead patient
Normal BP - ANS Systolic <120 mmHg
Diastolic <80 mmHg
Elevated BP - ANS Systolic 120-129 mmHg
Diastolic <80 mmHg
Hypertension stage 1 - ANS Systolic 130-139 mmHg
Diastolic 80-89 mmHg
,Hypertension stage 2 - ANS Systolic >140 mmHg
Diastolic >/= 90 mmHg
Hypertensive crisis - ANS Systolic >/= 180 mmHg
Diastolic > 120 mmHg
If patient's systolic and diastolic blood pressure fall into two different categories
the __________ category should be selected - ANS Higher (more severe)
HBP is known as the - ANS Silent killer
Hypertension is the most prevalent cause of - ANS stroke and kidney failure
Contributing factors to HBP are - ANS Atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, coronary
artery disease, congestive heart failure, and diabetes
Arteriosclerosis - ANS -Hardening of arteries
-Blood vessels loose elasticity, become thick and stiff, sometimes restricting blood
flow
Atherosclerosis - ANS -Type of arteriosclerosis which arteries become hardened
due to plaque build up
, -Plaque can cause a blood clot in arteries
Sodium polishers can increase - ANS Blood pressure
Common side effects of antihypertensive medications include - ANS xerostomia
and hypotension
Coronary artery disease - ANS -Characterized by decreased blood flow and oxygen
to the heart muscles
-Caused by build-up of plaque in arterial walls
Angina pectoris - ANS -Chest pain due to decreased blood flow
-Most common symptom of coronary heart disease
-Pain radiates through chest, neck, jaw, back, shoulder, and arm
-Last a short time (5 minutes or less)
-Relived with rest, oxygen, or nitroglycerine
-NTG relaxes smooth vascular muscles; up to 3 tablets in 15 minutes
Myocardial infarction - ANS -Heart attack
-Death of parts of heart muscles caused by ischemia
-Damages are permanent
-Pain in chest, neck, jaw, shoulder, back or arm
-Sweating, nausea, weakness, irregular heartbeats, and shortness of breath
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