WGU D333 Ethics in Technology – WGU EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH ACTUAL CORRECT ANSWERS CURRENTLY TESTING
acceptable use policy (AUP) - ANSWER-A document that stipulates restrictions and practices that a user
must agree in order to use organizational computing and network resources.
acceptance - ANSWER-When an organization decides to accept a risk because the cost of avoiding the
risk outweighs the potential loss of the risk. A decision to accept a risk can be extremely difficult and
controversial when dealing with safety-critical systems because making that determination involves
forming personal judgments about the value of human life, assessing potential liability in case of an
accident, evaluating the potential impact on the surrounding natural environment, and estimating the
system's costs and benefits.
advanced persistent threat (APT) - ANSWER-A network attack in which an intruder gains access to a
network and stays there—undetected—with the intention of stealing data over a long period of time
(weeks or even months).
agile development - ANSWER-A software development methodology in which a system is developed in
iterations lasting from one to four weeks. Unlike the waterfall system development model, agile
development accepts the fact that system requirements are evolving and cannot be fully understood or
defined at the start of the project.
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) - ANSWER-An agreement of
the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to ensure that intellectual property
rights can be enforced under their laws and that penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter
further violations.
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - ANSWER-A wide-ranging act that authorized $787 billion in
spending and tax cuts over a 10-year period and included strong privacy provisions for electronic health
,records, such as banning the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails and
encryption, and providing rights of access for patients.
annualized loss expectancy (ALE) - ANSWER-The estimated loss from a potential risk event over the
course of a year. The following equation is used to calculate the annual loss expectancy: ARO × SLE =
ALE. Where ARO is the annualized rate of occurrence, an estimate of the probability that this event will
occur over the course of a year and SLE is the single loss expectancy, the estimated loss that would be
incurred if the event happens.
annualized rate of occurrence (ARO) - ANSWER-An estimate of the probability that a risk event will occur
over the course of a year.
anonymous expression - ANSWER-The expression of opinions by people who do not reveal their identity.
anonymous remailer service - ANSWER-A service that allows anonymity on the Internet by using a
computer program that strips the originating header and/or IP address from the message and then
forwards the message to its intended recipient.
anti-SLAPP laws - ANSWER-Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit against public
participation (SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations, government officials, and others against
citizens and community groups who oppose them on matters of concern).
antivirus software - ANSWER-Software that scans for a specific sequence of bytes, known as a virus
signature, that indicates the presence of a specific virus.
artificial intelligence systems - ANSWER-The people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and
knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that can simulate human intelligence
processes, including learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information),
reasoning (using rules to reach conclusions), and self-correction (using the outcome from one scenario
to improve its performance on future scenarios).
audit committee - ANSWER-A group that provides assistance to the board of directors in fulfilling its
responsibilities with respect to the oversight of the quality and integrity of the organization's accounting
and reporting practices and controls, including financial statements and reports; the organization's
,compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; the qualifications, independence, and performance
of the company's independent auditor; and the performance of the company's internal audit team.
avoidance - ANSWER-The elimination of a vulnerability that gives rise to a particular risk in order to
avoid the risk altogether. This is the most effective solution but often not possible due to organizational
requirements and factors beyond an organization's control.
Bathsheba syndrome - ANSWER-The moral corruption of people in power, which is often facilitated by a
tendency for people to look the other way when their leaders act inappropriately.
best practice - ANSWER-A method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those
achieved with other means and that is used as a benchmark within a particular industry.
Bill of Rights - ANSWER-The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution that spell out
additional rights of individuals.
black-box testing - ANSWER-A type of dynamic testing that involves viewing the software unit as a
device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are unknown (a black
box).
blended threat - ANSWER-A sophisticated threat that combines the features of a virus, worm, Trojan
horse, and other malicious code into a single payload.
body of knowledge - ANSWER-An agreed-upon sets of skills and abilities that all licensed professionals
must possess.
botnet - ANSWER-A large group of computers, which are controlled from one or more remote locations
by hackers, without the knowledge or consent of their owners.
breach of contract - ANSWER-The failure of one party to meet the terms of a contract.
breach of the duty of care - ANSWER-The failure to act as a reasonable person would act.
, breach of warranty - ANSWER-When a product fails to meet the terms of its warranty.
bribery - ANSWER-The act of providing money, property, or favors to someone in business or
government in order to obtain a business advantage.
bring your own device (BYOD) - ANSWER-A business policy that permits, and in some cases, encourages
employees to use their own mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, or laptops) to access company
computing resources and applications, including email, corporate databases, the corporate intranet, and
the Internet.
BSA | The Software Alliance - ANSWER-A trade group that represent the world's largest software and
hardware manufacturers.
business continuity plan - ANSWER-A risk-based strategy that includes an occupant emergency
evacuation plan, a continuity of operations plan, and an incident management plan with an active
governance process to minimize the potential impact of any security incident and to ensure business
continuity in the event of a cyberattack or some form of disaster.
business information system - ANSWER-A set of interrelated components—including hardware,
software, databases, networks, people, and procedures—that collects and processes data and
disseminates the output.
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) models - ANSWER-Collection of best practices that help
organizations improve their processes.
CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart) - ANSWER-
Software that generates and grades tests that humans can pass and all but the most sophisticated
computer programs cannot.
certification - ANSWER-Indicates that a professional possesses a particular set of skills, knowledge, or
abilities, in the opinion of the certifying organization. Certification can also apply to products (e.g., the
Wi-Fi CERTIFIED logo assures that the product has met rigorous interoperability testing to ensure that it
will work with other Wi-Fi-certified products) and is generally voluntary.
