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Test Bank for Gateways to Democracy Test #1 (Enhanced 5th Edition by John G. Geer)
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Test Bank for Gateways to Democracy Test #1 (Enhanced 5th Edition by John G. Geer)
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Test Bank for Gateways to DemocracyTest #1 (Enhanced 5th Edition by John
G. Geer)
Autocracy - ANSsystem of government in which the power to govern is concentrated in the
hands of an individual ruler
Capitalism - ANSeconomic system in which businesses and key industries are privately owned
and in which individuals, acting as their own or with others, are free to create business
Checks and Balances - ANSgovernment structure that authorizes each branch of government
(executive, legislative and judicial) to share powers with the other branches, thereby holding
some scrutiny of and control over the other branches
Civic Interest - ANSconcern for the well-being of society and the nation as a whole
Civil Society - ANSvoluntary organizations that allow communities to flourish
Conservatives - ANSindividuals who distrust government, believing that free markets offer better
ways then government involvement to improve people's livelihood. In the social sphere,
conservatives have more faith in government's ability to enforce traditional values
Constitutional System - ANSsystem of government in which people set up and agree on the
basic rules and procedures that will govern them
Democracy - ANSsystem of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people
and exercised by them directly or indirectly through elected representatives
Direct Democracy - ANSform of democracy in which political power is exercised directly by
citizens
Egalitarianism - ANSbelief in human equality that disdains inherited titles of nobility and
inherited wealth
Equality of Opportunity - ANSexpectation that citizens may not be discriminated against on
account of race, gender or national background and that every citizen should have an equal
chance to succeed in life
, Equality of Outcome - ANSexpectation that equality is achieved if results are comparable for all
citizens regardless of race, gender or national background or that such groups are
proportionally represented in measures of success in life
Equality - ANSidea that all individuals are equal in their moral worth and so must be equal in
treatment under the law and have equal access to the decision-making process
Executive Branch - ANSthe branch of the federal government that executes the laws
Faction - ANSdefined by Madison as any group that places its own interests above the
aggregate interests of society
Federalism - ANSsystem of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between
national and state governments
Founders - ANSthe people who were involved in establishing the United States whether at the
time of the Declaration of Independence of the writing of the Constitution
Framers - ANSthe people who were involved in writing the Constitution
Individualism - ANSset of beliefs holding that people, and not government, are responsible for
their own well-being
Interest Groups - ANSgroups of citizens who share a common interest -- a political opinion, a
religious or ideological belief, a social goal, or an economic characteristic -- and try to influence
public policy to benefit themselves
Judicial Branch - ANSthe branch of the federal government that interprets that laws
Legislative Branch - ANSthe branch of the federal government that makes the laws
Liberals - ANSindividuals who have faith in government to improve people's lives, believing that
private efforts are insufficient. In the social sphere, liberals usually support diverse lifestyles and
tend to oppose any government action that seeks to shape personal choices
Libertarians - ANSthose who generally believe that the government should refrain from acting to
regulate the economy or moral values
Liberty - ANSpolitical value that cherishes freedom from an arbitrary exercise of power that
constricts individual choice
Majoritarian - ANSsystem of policy making in which those with a numerical majority hold
authority
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