Straighterline Biology Review Lesson Questions
with Correct Answers Introduced
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• prokaryote - -✓The first organisms you encounter are found in a geothermal upwelling just off
the coast. These organisms are found to be living in hot water and in depths with low oxygen
concentrations. As you carefully examine your specimens under a microscope, you note that
they are single-celled organisms. You also note that they lack an organized nucleus. This
organism is a(n) __________
• ring shaped chromosome - -✓The first organisms you encounter are found in a geothermal
upwelling just off the coast. These organisms are found to be living in hot water and in depths
with low oxygen concentrations. As you carefully examine your specimens under a microscope,
you note that they are single-celled organisms. You also note that they lack an organized
nucleus. The DNA in this cell type is in the form of a ____ ______ __________
• archaea - -✓The first organisms you encounter are found in a geothermal upwelling just off the
coast. These organisms are found to be living in hot water and in depths with low oxygen
concentrations. As you carefully examine your specimens under a microscope, you note that
they are single-celled organisms. You also note that they lack an organized nucleus. Based on
where you found this organism, you decide it is most likely in the kingdom _______
• anaerobes - -✓The first organisms you encounter are found in a geothermal upwelling just off
the coast. These organisms are found to be living in hot water and in depths with low oxygen
concentrations. As you carefully examine your specimens under a microscope, you note that
they are single-celled organisms. You also note that they lack an organized nucleus. Because
these organisms live in a low oxygen environment, they are most likely _________
• bacteria - -✓After cataloging your first find of prokaryotes, you now take some test swabs of
debris that you have found floating on the surface of shallow waters. Again, these organisms lack
a nucleus, but are bright bluish-green in color. You only find them in surface waters, where light
rays easily penetrate. Based on where you have found these organisms and what they look like,
they are most likely ________
,• photosynthetic - -✓After cataloging your first find of prokaryotes, you now take some test swabs
of debris that you have found floating on the surface of shallow waters. Again, these organisms
lack a nucleus, but are bright bluish-green in color. You only find them in surface waters, where
light rays easily penetrate. Based on where you found them and what color they are, they are
most likely ______________
• light energy - -✓After cataloging your first find of prokaryotes, you now take some test swabs of
debris that you have found floating on the surface of shallow waters. Again, these organisms lack
a nucleus, but are bright bluish-green in color. You only find them in surface waters, where light
rays easily penetrate. The environment energy source these organisms use ________.
• ribosomes - -✓After cataloging your first find of prokaryotes, you now take some test swabs of
debris that you have found floating on the surface of shallow waters. Again, these organisms lack
a nucleus, but are bright bluish-green in color. You only find them in surface waters, where light
rays easily penetrate. Although you cannot see them with a light microscope, these organisms
have organelles called ____________ that produce proteins.
• induction - -✓You decide to take swabs of some interesting sites to examine the microorganisms
present. You take the swabs back to your island laboratory and inoculate them into several
different types of media to see what will grow. After incubating them, you decide to do some
further experimentation and observations on the cultures that have grown. One variety of
bacterium produces the enzymes to break down lactose only when that sugar is present in the
growth medium. The fact that enzymes are produced only when substrate is present suggests
which mechanism of gene expression?
• transcribed - -✓You decide to take swabs of some interesting sites to examine the
microorganisms present. You take the swabs back to your island laboratory and inoculate them
into several different types of media to see what will grow.
• After incubating them, you decide to do some further experimentation and observations on the
cultures that have grown. One variety of bacterium produces the enzymes to break down lactose
only when that sugar is present in the growth medium.
• To produce these enzymes, complementary mRNA is ______ from the DNA.
• tRNA - -✓You decide to take swabs of some interesting sites to examine the microorganisms
present. You take the swabs back to your island laboratory and inoculate them into several
different types of media to see what will grow.
,• After incubating them, you decide to do some further experimentation and observations on the
cultures that have grown. One variety of bacterium produces the enzymes to break down lactose
only when that sugar is present in the growth medium.
• During translation of protein synthesis, amino acids are brought to the ribosomes by ______.
• uracil - -✓You decide to take swabs of some interesting sites to examine the microorganisms
present. You take the swabs back to your island laboratory and inoculate them into several
different types of media to see what will grow.
• After incubating them, you decide to do some further experimentation and observations on the
cultures that have grown. One variety of bacterium produces the enzymes to break down lactose
only when that sugar is present in the growth medium.
• Which nitrogen base is present in the nucleotides of RNA but not in DNA?
• protista - -✓As you explore the land itself, you come across many shallow tidal areas, which are
marshy. The water is green in color. You take a sample back to your island lab and observe it
under a microscope. You see many single-celled and colonial organisms, some with beautiful
geometric shapes. Some are moving by cytoplasmic streaming, others rapidly swim using their
cilia and flagella. Some are bright green, although others are brown, red, or clear in color. One
thing you notice is that all of them, regardless of other differences, have nuclei.
• Complete this exercise to test your knowledge about single-celled eukaryotes.
• Which kingdom do these organisms most likely belong to based on your observations?
• phospholipids - -✓As you explore the land itself, you come across many shallow tidal areas,
which are marshy. The water is green in color. You take a sample back to your island lab and
observe it under a microscope. You see many single-celled and colonial organisms, some with
beautiful geometric shapes. Some are moving by cytoplasmic streaming, others rapidly swim
using their cilia and flagella. Some are bright green, although others are brown, red, or clear in
color. One thing you notice is that all of them, regardless of other differences, have nuclei.
• Complete this exercise to test your knowledge about single-celled eukaryotes.
• Each organism has a cell membrance that is composed of a bilayer of _________.
• diffusion - -✓As you explore the land itself, you come across many shallow tidal areas, which are
marshy. The water is green in color. You take a sample back to your island lab and observe it
under a microscope. You see many single-celled and colonial organisms, some with beautiful
geometric shapes. Some are moving by cytoplasmic streaming, others rapidly swim using their
cilia and flagella. Some are bright green, although others are brown, red, or clear in color. One
thing you notice is that all of them, regardless of other differences, have nuclei.
• Complete this exercise to test your knowledge about single-celled eukaryotes.
, • Substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can move across the cell membranes down
concentration gradients by a passive mechanism called _______.
• phagocytosis - -✓As you explore the land itself, you come across many shallow tidal areas, which
are marshy. The water is green in color. You take a sample back to your island lab and observe it
under a microscope. You see many single-celled and colonial organisms, some with beautiful
geometric shapes. Some are moving by cytoplasmic streaming, others rapidly swim using their
cilia and flagella. Some are bright green, although others are brown, red, or clear in color. One
thing you notice is that all of them, regardless of other differences, have nuclei.
• Complete this exercise to test your knowledge about single-celled eukaryotes.
• You see a protist that you recognize as an amoeba surrounding a food particle and engulfing it.
This is an example of _______.
• fungus - -✓As you are walking through the densely wooded areas, you notice this organism
growing in the leaf litter. In addition, you see others like it growing on a decaying log. As you
attempt to collect a specimen from the log, you note that the wood seems to fall apart. At first
glance, you might mistake this organism for a plant, except that it is not green.
• Take a moment to complete this exercise to test your knowledge on these organisms.
• Back in the lab, you find that the cell walls of this organism are made of chitin, leading you to
conclude that this is a(n) _________.
• complex carbohydrate - -✓As you are walking through the densely wooded areas, you notice this
organism growing in the leaf litter. In addition, you see others like it growing on a decaying log.
As you attempt to collect a specimen from the log, you note that the wood seems to fall apart.
At first glance, you might mistake this organism for a plant, except that it is not green.
• Take a moment to complete this exercise to test your knowledge on these organisms.
• The chitin in the cell walls is a form of _______.
• enzyme - -✓As you are walking through the densely wooded areas, you notice this organism
growing in the leaf litter. In addition, you see others like it growing on a decaying log. As you
attempt to collect a specimen from the log, you note that the wood seems to fall apart. At first
glance, you might mistake this organism for a plant, except that it is not green.
• Take a moment to complete this exercise to test your knowledge on these organisms.
• A likely reason the log was breaking down around the fungus is that it was releasing _______.
• hydrolysis - -✓As you are walking through the densely wooded areas, you notice this organism
growing in the leaf litter. In addition, you see others like it growing on a decaying log. As you
