BBH 101 Exam 3 Verified Guide
What is diabetes?
Diabetes is characterized by either an inability to produce insulin or by insulin resistance, where the
body's cells do not effectively respond to insulin.
What role does insulin play in the body?
Insulin is responsible for absorbing glu...
Diabetes is characterized by either an inability to produce insulin or by insulin resistance, where the
body's cells do not effectively respond to insulin.
What role does insulin play in the body?
Insulin is responsible for absorbing glucose from the bloodstream and maintaining stable glucose levels
within the blood.
Where is insulin produced in the body?
Insulin is synthesized in the pancreas.
How is excess glucose stored in the body?
Excess glucose is converted and stored as glycogen for future energy needs, a process facilitated by
insulin.
What does the term "diabetes mellitus" mean?
Diabetes mellitus, often referred to as "sugar diabetes," literally translates to "sweet urine." This name
originated because individuals with diabetes would frequently urinate, and their urine would be sweet,
attracting ants.
,What are the three classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus?
The three primary symptoms of diabetes mellitus are:
- Hyperglycemia
- Polyuria (frequent urination)
- Polydipsia (increased thirst)
What is hyperglycemia?
Hyperglycemia refers to elevated blood glucose levels. When glucose passes into the urine, it causes
water to be drawn from the blood to dilute the glucose, leading to frequent urination (polyuria) and
increased thirst (polydipsia).
What visual disturbances are associated with diabetes mellitus?
Individuals with diabetes may experience visual issues such as double vision and blurred vision.
What unusual sensations can occur with diabetes mellitus?
People with diabetes may feel tingling, pain, or numbness, particularly in their hands and feet.
True or False: Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes can be fatal.
True. Both types pose serious health risks, including potential death.
, Which type of diabetes is the most prevalent?
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form.
What characterizes type 1 diabetes?
- Also known as insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes.
- It typically has an early and abrupt onset.
- It involves a severe deficiency in insulin due to the immune system attacking insulin-producing cells.
Describe type 2 diabetes.
- Type 2 diabetes typically has a later and gradual onset.
- It involves insulin resistance, where the body's cells fail to respond effectively to insulin.
- It is often associated with obesity.
What is the greatest risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?
Obesity is considered the most significant risk factor.
What is gestational diabetes, and how does it affect pregnant women?
Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant women due to increased hormone levels, which lead to insulin
resistance.
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