Chapter 21: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate exam with perfect answers 2024
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Chapter 21: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
Institution
Chapter 21: Anus, Rectum, And Prostate
. The adult internal rectal sphincter is controlled by the:
a. autonomic nervous system.
b. central nervous system.
c. peripheral nervous system.
d. lumbar spinal reflexes.
e. sacral spinal reflexes. correct answers ANS: A
The internal ring of smooth muscle of the anal canal is under invol...
Chapter 21: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
1. The adult internal rectal sphincter is controlled by the:
a. autonomic nervous system.
b. central nervous system.
c. peripheral nervous system.
d. lumbar spinal reflexes.
e. sacral spinal reflexes. correct answers ANS: A
The internal ring of smooth muscle of the anal canal is under involuntary autonomic
control.
TOP: Discipline: Physiology MSC: Organ System: Gastrointestinal
2. In males, which surface of the prostate gland is accessible by digital examination?
a. Median lobe
b. Posterior
c. Superior
d. Anterior
e. Lateral correct answers ANS: B
The posterior surface of the prostate gland lies close to the anterior wall of the rectum
and is palpable through digital rectal examination.
TOP: Discipline: Gross Anatomy MSC: Organ System: Renal/Urinary
3. Which of the following is a risk factor for anal cancer?
a. White race
b. Diet low in animal fats and proteins
c. Physical inactivity
d. Infection with high-risk type HPV
e. Low body fat correct answers ANS: D
Infection with high-risk type human papillomavirus is considered a risk factor for anal
cancer. The other answers are not.
TOP: Discipline: Biostatistics MSC: Organ System: Gastrointestinal
4. Factors associated with increased risk of prostate cancer include:
a. African American descent.
b. cigarette smoking.
c. low-fat diet.
, d. alcoholism.
e. obesity. correct answers ANS: A
The incidence rate of prostate cancer is more common in African Americans and in
Caribbean patients of African ancestry; less common in Asian American and
Hispanic/Latinos than in non-Hispanic whites.
TOP: Discipline: Biostatistics MSC: Organ System: Renal/Urinary
5. When performing a rectal examination in a man, in which position is the patient
generally placed?
a. Lithotomy
b. Prone
c. Trendelenburg
d. Left lateral
e. Supine correct answers ANS: D
Male patients are usually positioned left lateral or standing with upper body flexed at the
waist over the examination table, with the toes pointed together for increased exposure
of the area.
TOP: Discipline: Physiology MSC: Organ System: Gastrointestinal
6. Which of the following conditions is most commonly seen in adults with diabetes?
a. Pinworms
b. Pilonidal cysts
c. Perianal fistula
d. Pruritus ani
e. Anorectal fissure correct answers ANS: D
Pruritus ani refers to chronic itching of the skin around the anus, which can be caused
by fungal infections and is more common in diabetic patients. Pinworms are more
common in children; the other conditions do not cause pruritus.
TOP: Discipline: Pathophysiology MSC: Organ System: Gastrointestinal
7. To make visualization of polyps in the anorectal area easier, you should:
a. apply clear jelly around the anal orifice.
b. ask the patient to bear down.
c. ask the patient to relax the sphincter.
d. rotate your finger inside the anal canal.
e. have the patient contract the external sphincter. correct answers ANS: B
Asking the patient to perform a Valsalva maneuver will make fistulas, fissures, polyps,
and hemorrhoids more visible.
TOP: Discipline: Physiology MSC: Organ System: Gastrointestinal
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