replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation of computers
Integrated Circuits (1965 - 1971)
The invention of what enabled the development of computer systems that were cheaper,
faster, smaller, and more reliable. They miniaturized transistors and placed them on silicon
chips called semiconductors.
Microprocessors (1971 - present)
Include thousands of integrated circuits on a single silicon chip.
More reliable than their predecessors, calculate in picoseconds (one trillionth of a second), use
high-level languages, and are portable and economical.
IPOS
input-process-output-storage; explains what computer systems are used for. They take input,
process it, and provide an output while using storage to keep intermediate and final results of
the transformation of data
SRAM
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