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bio 669 quiz 1 with 100% correct answers (verified)
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©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Tuesday, July 30, 2024 12:01 AMbio 669 quiz 1 with 100% correct answers (verified)
water makes up ____% in men - ✔️✔️60%
water makes up ____% in women - ✔️✔️50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - ✔️✔️intracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - ✔️✔️extracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? - ✔️✔️Intravascular and interstitial
what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? - ✔️✔️25%
what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? - ✔️✔️75%
who has more water, men or women? - ✔️✔️men
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - ✔️✔️pediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? - ✔️✔️decreased free fat and muscle
mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
Starling forces - ✔️✔️forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and spaces
net filtration - ✔️✔️forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
Osmolarity - ✔️✔️concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
isosmotic - ✔️✔️solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles (osmolarity)
hyposomotic - ✔️✔️solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
hyperosmotic - ✔️✔️solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
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,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Tuesday, July 30, 2024 12:01 AM
isotonic - ✔️✔️two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
Hypotonic - ✔️✔️when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration
of solutes within the cell
Hypertonic - ✔️✔️when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater
concentration of solutes within the cell
Forces favoring filtration - ✔️✔️Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure) and
interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Forces favoring reabsorption - ✔️✔️Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
edema - ✔️✔️accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema - ✔️✔️increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? - ✔️✔️accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - ✔️✔️venous obstruction, salt and
water retention, heart failure, renal failure
what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - ✔️✔️forces fluid into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - ✔️✔️decreased plasma
albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
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, ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Tuesday, July 30, 2024 12:01 AM
what does lymph obstruction cause? - ✔️✔️fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue oncotic
pressure)
what are examples of increased capillary permeability? - ✔️✔️burns and inflammation
what does increased capillary permeability do? - ✔️✔️proteins escape= loss of plasma
proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure and decreased
capillary oncotic pressure)
papilledema - ✔️✔️swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance
into the eye through the optic disk
What causes papilledema? - ✔️✔️often caused by increase in intracranial pressure
what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)? - ✔️✔️Sodium
movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen? - ✔️✔️pushes hydrogen out.
increase in sodium does what to fluid volume? - ✔️✔️increases fluid volume
what is the primary extracellular anion? - ✔️✔️Chloride
what if sodium goes in the cell what does the chloride do? - ✔️✔️follows it in.
what is the amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid? - ✔️✔️142
what is the amount of sodium in the intracellular fluid? - ✔️✔️12
what is the amount of chloride in the intracellular fluid? - ✔️✔️4
what is the amount of chloride in the extracellular? - ✔️✔️103
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ✔️✔️promotes retention of water by kidneys
increases thirst
decreases urine
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